UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
AT  LOS  ANGELES 


V 


ENGLISH  COMPOSITION 


150  Specimens  Arranged  for  use  in  Psychological  and 
Educational  Experiments 


By  EDWARD  L.  THORNDIKE 

Professor  of  Educational  Psychology,  Teachers  College 
Columbia  University 


PUBLISHED  BY 

Ctfmbrra  dollrgr.  (Unlumbia  VnivrrattQ 

NEW  YORK  CITY 

1916 


LB 
T3^ 


INTRODUCTION 

This  Monograph  consists  of  one  hundred  and  fifty  specimens 
of  English  composition  whose  general  merit  has  been  deter- 
mined with  fair  precision  by  a  consensus  of  from  23  to  over 
100  judges.  Such  a  series  will  be  useful  for  a  number  of  pur- 
poses, especially  for  (a)  tests  of  the  accuracy  of  complex  judg- 
ments, and  consequent  measurements  of  individual,  class,  and 
sex  differences,  correlations  with  other  forms  of  judgment,  and 
measurements  of  the  effect  of  various  conditions  upon  the  ac- 
curacy of  judgment ;  (b)  experiments  in  practice  and  the  trans- 
fer of  improvement;  (3)  measurements  of  the  ability  of  pros- 
pective teachers  to  distinguish  merit  in  compositions ;  (d)  the 
discovery  of  special  prejudice  and  constant  errors  in  the  judg- 
ments made  by  teachers ;  (e)  experiments  to  demonstrate  and 
measure  the  value  of  objective  scales  as  aids  to  the  process  of 
judging  the  general  merit  of  specimens  of  English  composi- 
tions. 

The  first  hundred  specimens  are  arranged  in  ten  sets  of  ten 
specimens  each,  any  one  set  being  approximately  as  hard  to 
judge  as  any  other.  They  are  printed  here  on  one  side  of  the 
paper  only,  so  that  they  can  be  presented  in  any  way  that  is 
suitable  to  the  investigator's  purpose.  Table  1  is  a  key  giving 
the  approximate  true  value  of  each  specimen  according  to  the 
Hillegas  Scale  as  extended  by  Thorndike  in  191 5.1 

The  remaining  specimens  are  printed  in  two  series,  each 
series  representing  the  compositions  written  by  a  class  upon 
the  same  topic.  These  series  will  be  especially  useful  for  ex- 
periments in  the  analysis  of  the  elements  constituting  general 
merit.    The  values  of  these  specimens  are  given  in  Table  2. 

1  Copies  of  this  Scale  may  be  obtained  from  the  Bureau  of  Publications, 
Teachers  College,  at  6  cents  per  single  copy. 


205-.. 


:*■* 


TABLE  1 

Values  of  Each  Specimen  in  Each  Set,  in  Terms  of  the  Hillegas 
Scale,  as  Extended  by  Thorndike  in  1915 


Set  A  Set  B  Set  C  Set  D  Set  E 

1  66  1         70  1        65  1        58  1         55 

2  78  2         76  2         77  2         68  2         67 

3  58  3        62  3        59  3        62  3        23 


4    82 

4 

13 

4 

37 

4 

48 

4    85 

5    58 

5 

83 

5 

16 

5 

78 

5    78 

6    9 

6 

58 

6 

80 

6 

30 

6    34 

7    70 

7 

65 

7 

74 

7 

80 

7    45 

8    36 

8 

36 

8 

57 

8 

70 

8    62 

9    32 

9 

30 

9 

48 

9 

40 

9    71 

0    46 

10 

47 

10 

32 

10 

43 

10    40 

SetF 

SetG 

SetH 

Set  I 

Set  J 

1    57 

1 

58 

1 

58 

1 

54 

1    77 

2    65 

2 

42 

2 

68 

2 

63 

2    53 

3    20 

3 

25 

3 

72 

3 

65 

3    44 

4    78 

4 

73 

4 

28 

4 

68 

4    75 

5    89 

5 

54 

5 

93 

5 

25 

5    67 

6    31 

6 

43 

6 

58 

6 

64 

6    28 

7    60 

7 

93 

7 

60 

7 

93 

7    61 

8    70 

8 

77 

8 

53 

8 

43 

8    60 

9        40  9        60  9        75  9        78  9        95 

10        50  10        65  10        39  10        37  10        37 


TAE 

ILE  2 

COMMOI 

j-Sense  Series 

Deephaven  J 

5ERIE 

Specimen    Quality 

Specimen    ( 

}ualii 

22 

75 

32 

73 

24 

75 

34 

76 

25 

64 

35 

85 

26 

65 

36 

65 

28 

55 

38 

83 

53 

55 

39 

61 

54 

69 

40 

66 

55 

69 

41 

77 

56 

66 

42 

72 

57 

59 

43 

75 

58 

83 

44 

54 

59 

54 

45 

55 

60 

65 

46 

77 

61 

75 

47 

50 

62 

76 

49 

66 

63 

63 

50 

75 

64 

80 

51 

71 

65 

75 

52 

77 

66 

72 

67 

52 

68 

63 

Extra  Specimens 

69 

67 

70 

71 

142 

76 

71 

54 

144 

78 

72 

68 

147 

64 

73 

64 

148 

75 

74 

55 

149 

78 

75 

59 

77 

79 

78 

63 

79 

74 

CONTENTS 

Set  A         ----------  i 

Set  B     ---------        -  9 

Set  C          ----------  15 

Set  D     ---------        -  21 

Set  E         ----------  31 

Set  F     ---------        -  37 

Set  G         ----------  45 

Set  H    -                                            53 

Set  I           ----------  61 

Set  J      ---------         -  67 

Common  Sense  ---------  75 

Deephaven     ---------  107 


SET  A 

1 

Fellows, — perhaps  you  know  and  perhaps  you  don't — the 
Recorder  comes  out  to-morrow. 

I  hope  there's  not  a  fellow  in  this  assembly  who's  not  inter- 
ested in  our  football  team,  the  champions  of  the  city.  If  there 
is,  that  boy  is  not  worthy  of  being  a  boys'  High  student.  Well, 
the  Recorder  has  the  pictures  of  the  different  players  on  the 
team,  the  records  of  all  the  games,  especially  the  all  important 
contest  with  Erasmus.  It  has,  in  fact,  everything  worth  writ- 
ing about  the  team.     This  report  ought  to  interest  the  school. 

For  those  interested  in  chess,  we  have  secured  a  series  of 
problems  in  that  game  by  John  J.  Jones,  the  noted  chess 
player. 

The  names  of  the  A.  A.  representatives  whose  rooms  have  a 
hundred  per  cent,  membership  will  appear  in  big  black  letters 
on  the  third  page.  These  A.  A.  representatives,  who  have 
never  seen  their  names  in  print  before,  will  probably  be  elated 
at  this.     They  ought  to  buy  a  copy  of  the  Recorder. 


A  DOG  FIGHT 

As  I  was  walking  along  Riverside  one  Sunday  morning,  I 
heard  a  sharp  yelp  and  turning  around  I  saw  a  big  bull  dog 
holding  a  small  poodle  by  the  neck:  around  the  poodles  neck 
was  a  collar  to  which  was  fastened  a  leader.  The  owner  of 
this  dog  was  holding  fast  to  the  leader  and  crying,  "  My  poor 
Trix,  let  go  of  my  Trix."  I  remembered  having  past  the  lady 
a  little  before,  then  she  was  holding  Trix  tightly  under  her 
arm. 

But  Mr.  Bull  would  not  let  go,  and  Trix's  fond  mistress 
was  getting  more  and  more  excited.  "  Who  owns  this  beast 
anyway?  Help!  Help!  O  my  dear  Trix,  what  will  he  do  to 
you !  Oh  !  Oh !  Oh !  Oh !  "  Then  Mr.  Bull  began  swinging 
Trix  around,  and  around  went  My  lady  with  them.  Indeed  it 
was  a  funny  sight  to  see  two  dogs  and  a  lady  swinging  around 
in  a  small  circle  of  bystanders,  the  lady  calling  excitedly  for 
help  and  one  of  the  dogs  yelping. 

At  last  two  gentlemen  pushed  their  way  through  the  crowd 
and  began  to  club  the  bull  with  their  canes.  Some  of  the 
blows  poor  Trix  received  and  then  there  would  be  a  cry  of, 


Set  A  3 

"  Oh,  don't  kill  my  little  Trix,  poor  little  lamb.  Oh  my  dog- 
gie, my  doggie !  " 

One  of  the  gentlemen  wore  a  high  silk  hat  and  in  his  vigor- 
ous attempt  to  release  Trix,  the  hat  flew  off  and  was  soon 
under  the  dogs,  then  there  was  a  grand  scramble  for  the  hat. 
Dogs,  hat,  man,  and  women  were  all  in  a  bunch,  the  man 
after  his  hat,  the  bull  after  the  poodle,  and  the  women  after 
the  bull. 

Would  the  bull  never  let  Trix  go  and  what  would  be  left 
of  her?  Yes,  at  last  Mr.  Bull  received  a  good  blow  on  the 
head  and  with  a  yelp  he  released  Trix.  The  gentleman 
grabbed  his  hat  and  began  to  examine  it  and  Trix  was  taken 
in  the  fond  embrace  of  her  Mistress.  "  Oh,  my  baby  did  he 
hurt  her?  My  lamb,  my  precious !  "  and  many  similar  remarks 
and  kisses  were  showered  on  the  dog  as  dog  and  mistress 
went  away  leaving  some  of  the  people  sympathizing  and  some 
laughing  at  the  sight  they  had  just  witnessed. 


Anyone  trying  for  this  Rhodes  scholarship  must  comply  to 
three  rules.  The  applicant  must  have  had  two  years  in  some 
college  of  good  standing,  must  be  unmarried,  and  must  be 
between  nineteen  and  twenty-one  years  of  age. 

"  The  rules  seem  quite  easy  for  a  scholarship,  don't  you 
think  so  girls?"  asked  Marion. 

"  Yes,  but  then  it  is  not  so  easy  as  you  think  because  there 
are  many  other  applicants,"  replied  Helen.     "  But  continue." 

Then,  Mr.  Porter  told  us  about  Oxford.  There  are  twenty 
one  colleges  at  Oxford,  but  they  are  shut  in  by  a  high  wall 
and  are  separated  from  each  other. 

"  Why !  I  thought  Oxford  contained  just  one  large  college 
instead  of  twenty-one,"  said  Helen. 

"  Yes,  I  replied  and  there  are  a  good  many  other  things 
which  greatly  surprised  me. 


Down  the  trail  to  the  beach  we  stumbled,  our  only  illumina- 
tion the  little  lamp,  and  went  along  the  shore,  very  silently, 
for  each  one  was  too  much  occupied  in  shivering  to  say  any- 
thing except  muttered  ejaculations  when  he  stubbed  his 
numbed  toe  against  a  rock.  Soon,  however,  we  came  out  on 
the  road,  where  the  footing  was  much  smoother,  and  here  we 
quickened  our  pace.  After  half  an  hour  of  pretty  steady 
climbing,  we  emerged  from  the  woods,  and  struck  a  little 
footpath,  which  led  across  the  rocky  pasture  land  where  we 
really  began  to  feel  the  cold.     The  grass  was  heavy  with  the 


Set  A  5 

first  frost,  and  by  the  time  we  had  gone  a  hundred  yards,  our 
legs  from  the  knees  down  were  thoroughly  drenched  with 
ice-water.  But  by  this  time,  most  of  the  journey  was  over, 
the  light  of  dawn  was  crawling  over  the  sky,  the  clear,  cheer- 
ful call  of  a  white-throated  sparrow  floated  down  from  a  fir 
nearby,  and  we  really  began  to  think  that  early  morning  was 
a  pretty  good  time  of  day,  after  all. 

5 

If  I  were  as  lucky  as  to  be  given  a  thousand  dollars  to 
spend  this  Christmas  I  am  very  sure  I  would  plan  to  spend  it, 
in  a  way  that  would  give  much  pleasure  to  other  people  who 
had  not  looked  forward  to  Christmas  with  a  great  deal  of 
pleasure. 

The  pleasure  of  this  holy  day  does  not  lie  wholy  is  re- 
ceiving, but  in  giving  to  others.  I  should  go  down  town  and 
buy  first  of  all  useful  things ;  such  as,  clothing,  coal  and  food 
all  of  which  are  necessities  for  people  that  I  should  want  to 
give  pleasure  to. 

House  burned  up  a  child  was  left  alone  an  wise  monkey 
told  the  childs  parents  thankful  reward  $16.00. 


"  Oh,  how  I  would  like  to  see  the  sun  get  up !  "  exclaimed 
Mary.  "  Yes,  wouldn't  that  be  fun,"  said  her  little  sister, 
Bernice.  "  We  always  see  it  go  to  bed."  "  But  how  can  we 
see  it?  We  never  get  up  early  enough,  and  anyhow,  the 
housetops  would  hide  it."  "  Oh,  I  have  just  thought  of  a 
splendid  plan !  "  exclaimed  Bernice.  "  Let's  go  out  and  visit 
grandma  on  the  farm  next  week.  I'm  sure  no  housetops 
would  hide  our  view  there,  and  grandpa  always  says,  '  Early 
to  bed  and  early  to  rise,  makes  a  man  healthy  and  wealthy 
and  wise.'  "  The  next  week  the  girls  went  to  their  grand- 
mother's with  their  mother.  Their  grandmother  greeted  them 
and  said,  "What  are  you  children  so  excited  about?"  They 
told  her  their  story  and  she  said,  "  Oh,  we'll  fix  that  all  right. 
We'll  just  put  an  alarm  clock  in  your  room  and  you  can  wake 
up  and  look  out  of  the  window."  Grandpa  said  he  would  set 
the  clock  at  five  o'clock,  but  in  his  excitement  he  set  it  at 
four.  The  next  morning  the  children  woke  up  and  rushed  to 
the  window,  but  they  saw  no  sun.  Instead  they  saw  the 
shadow  of  night  beginning  to  flee  away  and  tiny  streaks  of 
daylight  coming  in  the  east,  for  it  was  just  between  the  dark 
and  the  daylight  and  the  sun  would  soon  show  his  laughing 
face  to  the  waiting  children. 


Set  A  7 

8 

Once  when  I  was  walking  in  the  fields  I  saw  a  house  burn 
up  I  investacated  the  house.  There  was  no  one  in  the  house 
but  a  babe.  The  always  call  me  lazy  Monkey  but  now  I  will 
be  call  wise  Monkey  If  I  save  the  child. 

I  climbed  up  the  window  and  put  the  baby  on  my  back. 
The  stairs  were  half  nocked  down  and  how  could  I  come  down 
with  the  baby.  The  side  walls  on  the  outside  were  going  to 
fall  soon.  The  house  would  surely  fall  in  30  min.  He  found 
a  long  log  from  the  side  wall  and  carried  the  babe  down. 
Soon  they  were  outside. 

They  sat  down  for  5  min.  to  rest. 

The  parents  came  home  and  found  the  house  aflame.  The 
monkey  told  them  he  had  saved  the  babe.  The  parents  were 
very  thankful.  They  began  a  new  home  and  the  monkey  was 
a  wise  old  monkey  indeed. 

He  got  a  good  reward  and  was  very  happy  all  his  life. 

9 

"  I  would  by  each  person  twenty  dollars  worth  the  goods, 
or  I  would  give  each  person  twenty  dollars,  If  I  would  spend 
the  one  hundred  dollars  between  the  five  persons,  I  would  buy 
each  one  a  suit  of  clothes,  shoes,  stockings,  Caps,  Over  Alls 
and  Jumper." 

10 

"  If  I  had  one  hundred  dollars  to  spend  to  please  five  per- 
sons I  would  first  kind  of  figure  out  what  the  things  a  certain 
five  persons  would  like  best. 

"  First,  I  would  buy  my  cousin  what  he  wished,  that  is  a 
good  baseball  outfit.  It  would  cost  about  ten  dollars  for  the 
playing  materials  such  as  gloves,  bats,  etc.  Then  I  would  get 
him  a  five  dollar  baseball  suit  and  cap  to  match.  He  would 
like  a  lot  of  candy  and  fruit  and  such  things  so  I  would  spend 
another  five  for  that. 

"  Second  I  would  by  my  brother  a  good  fishing  outfit  con- 
sisting of  a  five  dollar  pole,  a  one  dollar  line,  two  dollar,  reel, 
two  dollars  worth  of  hooks,  five  dollar  pair  of  boots,  two  dollar 
fishing  coat,  a  dollars  worth  of  leaders  and  two  dollars  for  a 
trip  to  some  good  fishing  place. 

"  Third  I  would  fit  myself  out  in  the  same  way. 

Fourth  I  would  get  my  father  a  morrison  chair  for  ten  dol- 
lars, and  a  smoking  jacket  for  ten  more. 

"  Fifth  as  I  have  no  mother  I  would  get  my  aunt  a  new 
hat  with  ten  dollars  and  a  new  silk  dress  with  the  rest  of  the 
money." 


Set  B  9 

SET  B 

1 

SHOULD  THE  LITERARY   SOCIETY   BE 
REORGANIZED? 

Since  this  year  has  been  such  a  failure  for  the  Senior  Lit- 
erary Society  the  question  has  now  come  up  concerning  either 
the  abolition  of  the  society  or  the  reorganization  so  as  to  have 
a  more  successful  society  if  any  at  all. 

I  think  that  if  the  society  were  to  be  reorganized  with  dif- 
ferent requirements  for  membership  than  at  present  it  would 
be  more  successful. 

I  would  suggest  that  each  member  should  take  up  some  one 
department  seriously  such  as  dramatics  or  debating  and  really 
try  for  the  cast  or  team.  In  that  way  only  those  who  were 
really  interested  in  literary  work  would  care  to  belong  to  the 
society,  thus  limiting  the  membership  to  those  who  were 
willing  to  work  for  the  good  of  the  society. 

Then  I  think  that  if  meetings  were  held  regularly  every 
two  weeks  say  and  a  penalty  put  upon  absence  from  a  meeting 
while  in  school  it  would  help  matters  along. 

I  would  suggest  having  the  same  method  of  running  the 
society  as  at  present  in  regard  to  number  of  officers. 

Each  meeting  might  be  devoted  to  some  special  thing  to 
be  announced  at  the  previous  meeting  or  before. 


That  night,  we  took  dinner  at  the  hotel  and,  as  we  were  not 
over  anxious  to  return  to  scene  of  destruction,  a  bunch  of  us 
stayed  at  the  hotel  the  great  part  of  the  evening.  When  we 
finally  did  return,  we  talked  and  chattered  freely  as  long  as 
we  were  on  the  regular  hotel  walk,  but  when  we  turned  off  on 
our  path  through  the  woods,  a  sad  silence  descended  upon  us. 
Each  of  us  felt  a  peculiar  fear  and  gloom.  As  we  came  to  the 
place  where  we  turned,  we  stopped  a  few  minutes,  knowing 
that  we  would  see  no  welcoming  lights  nor  hear  the  pleasant 
noise  of  talking.  When  we  turned,  we  saw  the  ruins  bathed 
in  a  flood  of  most  beautiful  moonlight.  The  moonshine  vied 
with  the  strange  phosphorescent  glow  of  the  ruins,  them- 
selves, in  making  the  scene  wierd,  and  terrible.  Two  men  kept 
watch  through  the  long  night,  lest  the  fire  break  out,  again. 
The  next  day,  with  sad  hearts,  we  left  the  mournful  ruins  for 
the  more  cheerful,  if  less  beloved,  city  of  Chicago. 


Set  B  ii 


COMPOSITION 

Since  Xmas  comes  but  once  a  year,  the  people  that  are  so 
fortunate  as  to  have  every  comfort  to  celebrate  this  holiday, 
should  remember  the  people  that  are  not  so  fortunate.  While 
the  rich  are  enjoying  Santa  Clause,  the  poor  are  wanting  food 
and  warmth.  And  can  not  enjoy  this  great  Holiday  as  the 
rest. 

Therefore,  if  I  had  a  thousand  dollars,  I  would  spend  most 
of  it  making  the  poor  and  needy  happy  and  merry.  The 
money  would  not  make  all  of  the  poor  people  happy,  but  if 
each  person  who  had  that  much  money  to  spend,  would  take 
the  greater  part  of  it  for  that  purpose,  there  would  be  less 
suffering  during  Christmas  times. 

But,  instead  of  spending  money  in  this  manner,  many  per- 
sons would  much  rather  spend  it  in  having  a  nice  time  for 
their  selves,  which  only  last  for  a  while.  While,  if  you  help 
others  you  will  always  be  remembered.    And  will  do  you  good. 


Last  Monday  the  house  on  the  corner  of  Jay  street  was 
burned  down  to  the  ground  and  right  down  by  Mrs.  brons 
house  there  is  a  little  child  all  alone  and  there  is  a  bad  man 
sleeping  in  the  seller,  but  we  have  a  wise  old  monkey  in  the 
coal  ben  so  the  parents  are  thankful  that  they  dont  have  to 
pay  any  reward. 

5 

The  sun  was  setting,  giving  a  rosy  glow  to  all  the  trees 
standing  tall  black  against  the  faintly  tinted  sky.  Blue,  pink, 
green,  yellow,  like  a  conglomeration  of  paints  dropped  care- 
lessly onto  a  pale  blue  background.  The  trees  were  in  such 
great  number  that  they  looked  like  a  mass  of  black  crepe, 
each  with  its  individual,  graceful  form  in  view.  The  lake  lay 
smooth  and  unruffled,  dimly  reflecting  the  beautiful  coloring 
of  the  sky.  The  wind  started  madly  up  and  blew  over  the 
lake's  glassy  surface  making  mysterious  murmurings,  blend- 
ing in  with  the  chirping  songs  of  the  birds  blew  through  the 
tree  tops  setting  the  leaves  rustling  and  whispering  to  one 
another.  A  squirrel  ran  from  his  perch  chattering,  to  the 
lofty  branches — a  far  and  distant  hoot  echoed  in  the  silence, 
and  soon  night,  over  all  came  stealing,  blotting  out  the  scenery 
and  wrapping  all  in  restful,  mysterious  darkness. 


Set  B  13 


A  boy  who  lived  in  a  small  town  out  side  of  Boston  walked 
into  a  grocery  store  one  day  limping  and  with  a  bag  under  his 
arm,  the  keeper  asked  him  what  was  the  trouble,  and  he  said 
he  had  been  kicked  all  over  the  house  for  just  playing  a  little 
joke  on  his  father  and  so  he  was  going  to  run  away  from 
home  The  keeper  asked  him  what  he  had  done  and  he  said 
"  You  see  the  other  day  I  thought  I  would  have  some  fun  with 
my  father  so  I  wrote  a  letter  to  him  and  made  out  I  was  a 
girl  and  told  him  to  meet  me  at  the  corner  of  water  street  at 
7 :30  on  Saturday  evening  and  signed  the  name  "  Daisy  "  to  it. 
At  supper  that  night  pa  had  he  face  all  shaved  his  hair  plas- 
tered down,  and  to  told  ma  he  was  going  around  to  a  club 
meeting. 

7 

A  year  ago  last  summer  mother  and  I  visited  my  grandpa 
and  grandma,  who  live  on  a  farm.  Grandpa  had  some  little 
rabbits,  there  were  three  of  them,  a  father,  mother  and  the 
baby  rabbit.  The  baby  rabbit  was  so  tiny  one  could  hardly 
tell  it  from  a  baby  kitten.  It  was  white  and  had  pink  ears 
and  bright  eyes,  so  I  named  it  Bright  Eyes.  The  mother 
rabbit  was  afraid  that  I  would  take  her  baby  away  when  I 
took  it  in  my  arms.  I  had  such  a  good  time  the  whole  day. 
I  picked  cherries  and  apples  and  would  go  in  the  field  and 
romp  with  the  little  dogs.  By  this  time  I  was  very  tired  and 
sat  on  the  porch.  Then  I  noticed  that  the  sun  was  setting. 
It  was  a  beautiful  sight.  As  I  was  sitting  there  I  heard  a 
bell  jingle  and  I  looked  up  and  saw  the  cows  coming  home. 
I  looked  in  another  direction  and  saw  the  sheep  coming  home. 
As  I  thought  it  all  over,  to  me  this  seemed  the  nicest  time  of 
the  day,  just  between  the  dark  and  the  daylight. 

8 

One  day  a  house  burned  up.  There  was  only  one  little  girl 
in  the  house.  When  all  of  a  sudden  a  monkey  came  along 
with  a  organ  man.  When  he  saw  that  the  house  was  on  fire 
he  went  up  and  saved  the  little  girl. 

When  her  paent  came  home  they  were  very  thankful  and 
gave  the  organ  man  a  reward. 

9 

"  If  I  had  a  hundred  dollars  I  would  divid  it  between  five 
people.  I  would  give  $20  to  the  one  who  like  everything,  $5 
to  the  one  that  liked  nothing  and  $10.  to  on  who  liked  Arith- 


Set  C  15 

metic  and  $33  to  the  one  for  spelling,  and  $32  for  the  one  who 
liked  Geography." 

10 

"  There  are  five  little  children  that  live  near  us  who  are 
very  poor.  They  seldom  have  any  new  clothes  and  less  often 
any  toyes. 

"  On  Christmas  and  other  days  when  we  children  have  toys 
these  children  may  be  seen  looking  at  us  with  longing  eyes, 
and  Easter  time  they  even  seem  envious. 

"  Well  I  would  first  buy  each  child  a  pair  of  shoes  about 
three  and  one  half  dollars.  Then  I  would  buy  the  girls,  three 
of  them,  new  dresses.  The  boys  new  suits.  Which  would 
cost  about  thirty  dollar.  Of  course  the  girls  would  have  to 
have  hats.  I  would  get  simple  ones  but  pretty.  Then  the 
boys  must  have  caps. " 

SET  C 
1 

137  Stockton  St., 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.  Sept.  18,  191 1. 
Dear  Father: — 

Owing  to  the  fact  that  the  Interscholastic  Football  Season 
opens  in  October,  it  is  my  earnest  desire  to  be  able  to  hand 
my  name  in  as  a  candidate  for  quarter-back.  I  cannot,  how- 
ever, do  this  because  I  haven't  your  permission  to  able  to 
play  football.  High  School  expects  every  man  to  do  his  duty. 
Therefore,  I  of  all  boys  certainly  ought  to  go  out  for  it  because 
I  am  five  feet  ten  inches  and  weigh  130  pounds.  You  have 
declined  to  let  me  play  foot-ball  before,  but  now  you  may 
readily  see  that  I  am  taller  and  heavier  than  you  were,  when 
you  started  to  play  the  game.  I,  therefore,  do  not  know  why 
you  should  deprive  me  of  some  sport  and  exercise  that  you 
had  when  you  were  not  my  equal. 

Hoping  to  hear  a  favorable  answer,  and  thanking  you  in 
advance,  I  remain. 

Your  son, 

2 

LACE-MAKING 

There  are  two  kinds  of  lace,  the  hand  made  and  the  ma- 
chine-made lace. 

The  hand-made  or  real  lace,  as  it  is  called  in  order  that  it 
may  be   distinguished   from   the   machine   made  or   imitation 


Set  C  17 

lace,  is  manufactured  entirely  abroad.  In  Belgium,  France, 
England,  Ireland  and  Scotland  there  are  numerous  lace 
schools. 

Brussels  lace,  which  is  made  in  Brussels,  has  a  world-wide 
reputation,  as  well  as  Valenciennes  lace,  which  is  mostly  made 
at  Flanders  and  Valencia. 

France  too  produces  great  quantities  of  beautiful  lace.  In 
the  district  of  Auvergne,  of  which  Le  Puy  is  the  centre, 
nearly  every  kind  of  lace  is  made  and  this  industry  is  thought 
to  be  more  extensive  and  more  ancient  here  than  in  any  other 
part  of  France. 

The  machine  made  lace  is  manufactured  at  Caen  France,  as 
well  as  the  real  lace  and  at  Nottingham,  England,  and  here  in 
the  United  States ;  but  this  country  has  not  established  any 
lace  schools  where  real  lace  is  made  as  in  the  foreign  countries. 


If  the  amount  of  one  thousand  dollars  should  be  given  me, 
as  a  present,  to  be  spent  as  I  wished,  I  should  invest  it  in 
books.  I  would  invest  in  books  of  history,  science,  fiction  of 
the  good  wholesome  kind,  and  books  of  oration. 

I  should  invest  in  books,  because  they  are  valuable ;  also, 
useful.  In  school  we  would  have  the  use  of  the  books  on 
oration  and  history.  For  the  out-of-door  life  we  would  have 
science.     For  the  hours  of  rest,  the  books  of  fiction. 


Last  week  I  was  playing  with  matches.  My  clothes  caught 
on  fire.  I  soon  put  it  out.  I  put  the  house  on  fire  when  I 
put  the  fire  on  my  clothes  out.  I  called  up  the  fire  men  but 
they  said,  "  It  is  to  much  for  us.    So  the  house  burned  down. 

I  went  to  my  next  door  nebor  who  gave  me  some  bread. 
They  let  me  stay  with  them  a  week.  My  clothes  were  not 
badly  burned  so  I  went  away  but  I  came  back. 

When  I  came  back  they  had  a  tamed  monkey.  I  asked  for 
him  and  they  gave  him  to  me  but  not  with  pleasure.  I  took 
him  and  he  ran  away  and  and  he  came  back  with  money  and 
a  check.  There  was  enough  money  for  a  new  house.  So  we 
had  one  built. 

When  the  house  was  built  my  mother  came  home  and  my 
father  came  the  next  day.  They  didn't  know  the  house  but  i 
told  then  the  old  one  burned  down  and  I  had  a  new  one  built. 
They  very  glad  when  they  heard  how  I  acted.  They  gave  me 
a  reward  of  twenty  five  dollars  which  I  had  put  in  the  bank. 


Set  C  19 

5 

THE  PILGRIMS   HOUSE 

Some  men  went  out  to  build  some  houses  in  the  forest,  it 
was  wild  in  the  forest  some  Indian  came  around  at  night  and 
take  some  club  with  them  and  some  gun,  the  have  a  barrels 
it  was  some  fire  was  in  the  red  men  burned  up  peoples. 

The  pilgrim  went  out  to  catch  some  red  men  when  they 
catch  one  they  him  up  in  the  fire.  And  they  had  a  monkey 
went  out  to  and  one  monkey  have  a  gun, 

And  he  saw  some  red  men  and  the  monkey  shot  him. 


Among  the  beautiful  islands  on  the  Canadian  side  of  the 
St.  Lawrence  River,  there  is  a  deep  and  narrow  channel  which 
separates  three  small  wooded  islands  from  a  large  fertile  one. 
Of  the  three  islands  the  largest  is  rocky  and  covered  with  a 
growth  of  stately  pines  and  waving  hemlocks,  and  a  carpet 
of  moss  and  ferns.  On  the  second  there  is  quite  an  assort- 
ment of  trees,  whose  foliage  during  the  fall  turns  to  many 
shades  of  gold  and  red,  which  colors  are  greatly  enhanced  by 
the  dark  green  background  of  its  neighbor.  On  the  third 
there  is  a  thick  growth  of  brush,  with  an  occasional  small 
tree.  These  three  islands  are  so  close  together,  that  fallen 
trees  and  logs  make  it  possible  to  walk  from  one  to  another. 


It  was  a  cold  evening.  I  had  been  sick  for  a  week  and 
was  glad  to  be  able  to  be  down  stairs  and  to  look  out  of  the 
windows  and  see  the  ground,  even  if  it  was  covered  with 
snow,  instead  of  a  lot  of  chimneys.  As  I  sat  looking  into  the 
fire  I  saw  the  red  flames  jumping  about  merrily,  as  if  they 
were  playing  hide-and-seek  with  the  little  blue  gases.  I  no- 
ticed how  oddly  the  nickel  was  carved.  As  I  looked  closer 
I  found  it  easy  to  see  it  in  different  shapes.  Part  of  it  took 
one  shape  and  part  another.  As  I  sat  there,  making  the  stove 
into  something  very  different  from  what  it  was,  the  time 
slipped  by  and  it  was  very  late.  The  lamps  were  being  lighted 
and  my  imaginary  people  were  gone. 

8 

It  was  just  at  dusk  when  I  came  home  from  a  party  which 
our  sewing  teacher  had  given  us  at  Minnehaha  Falls.  There 
were  twelve  girls  besides  me.     We  took  our  sewing  and  sat 


Set  D  21 

down  to  sew  before  we  ate.  When  we  were  through  lunch  we 
looked  at  the  falls.  Oh,  how  beautiful  they  were.  When  I  was 
coming  home  I  saw  a  robin  sitting  on  a  bough  near  his  nest 
where  his  mate  was  sitting.  He  was  chirping  at  me.  When 
I  reached  home  I  thought  of  how  the  robin  was  trying  to 
save  his  babies  from  the  bad  boys.  Even  birds  want  to  save 
their  babies  from  bad  boys. 

9 

"  If  I  had  one  hundred  dollars  to  spend  for  persons  who 
liked  different  thing,  I  would  spend  about  one-half  of  the 
sum  for  a  short  camping  trip  for  myself  and  parents. 

"  With  the  remainder  of  the  money  I  would  buy  a  few 
good  books  and  other  articles  I  desire.  I  would  use  part  of 
the  money  for  spending  money  throughout  the  summer,  and, 
if  after  this,  there  were  any  of  it  left  I  would  use  it  for  things 
I  needed  at  the  beginning  of  school." 

10 

One  night  a  little  girl  whoos  name  was  rosey  and  a 
monkey  named  Jackeow,  was  playing  to  geather  then  the  little 
girl  said  my  it  is  getting  laight  and  it  is  my  bed  time? 

So  she  said  good  night  Jockeow. 

The  little  girl  was  alone  for  her  Mother  and  father  wher 
out  to  the  theater. 

As  Jockeow  lay  dozing  he  smealt  sumthing  it  was  smoke 
Jackeow  crept  im  the  little  girls  bed  room  whear  a  big  flamm 
almost  toched  the  ceallean  Jackeow  rushed  in  and  grabed  the 
little  girl  and  ran  out  in  the  street  with  her. 

When  the  little  girls  mama  and  papa  came  home  they  saw 
there  house  in  flames. 

"  Whear  is  rosey  and  Jackeow,"  she  said  crying.  I  dont 
know  said  one  of  her  nabers.  In  a  little  while  rosey  and 
jackeow  with  tho  firemen  carrying  them  in  there  arm? 

"  Witch  firemen  saved  them  " 

"  None  said  a  rough  looking  fireman  the  monkey  did  " 

The  little  girl's  mama  and  papa  were  so  happy  that  they 
gave  Jackeow. 

SET  D 

1 

A  very  good  factor,  which  our  school  has,  is  the  publication 
of  a  magazine  called  the  Recorder.  It  is  a  very  interesting 
book,  edited  by  the  pupils  of  the  school.    The  boys  who  pub- 


Set  D  23 

lish  it,  get  very  good  training,  so  that  they  really  know  some 
thing  about  publishing  any  kind  of  a  paper.  Each  boy  has  a 
chance  to  make  the  editorial  staff,  because  they  are  chosen  by 
the  teacher  in  charge. 

The  Recorder  should  interest  the  boys  of  this  school,  be- 
cause it  pertains  mostly  it.  Anything  worth  while  printing 
about  the  school  is  printed.  In  the  Recorder,  there  are  articals 
on  atheletics,  in  which  nearly  every  boy  is  interested  in. 
Notes  on  school  events,  and  many  other  important  facts  are 
described.  Many  pictures  of  the  different  teams  as  well  as  of 
many  individuals  are  printed.  Another  good  quality  of  it  is 
that  there  are  many  short  stories  and  jokes  in  it,  which  is 
supplied  by  all  the  willing  boys.  A  prize  is  awarded  to  the 
boys  at  the  end  of  the  term  who  write  the  best  stories.  The 
price,  which  is  ten  cents,  is  a  reasonable  price  for  such  a  paper. 


Barnum's  circus  was  in  town  today  and  if  grandmother  had 
not  seen  the  pictures  on  the  hand  bills  I  think  she  would  have 
let  us  go.  She  said  it  was  all  right  to  look  at  the  creatures 
God  had  made  but  she  did  not  think  He  ever  intended  that 
women  should  go  only  half  dressed  and  stand  up  and  ride  on 
horses  bare  back  or  jump  through  hoops  in  the  air.  So  we 
could  not  go.  We  saw  the  street  parade  though  and  heard 
the  band  play  and  saw  the  men  and  women  in  the  chariot,  all 
dressed  so  fine,  and  we  saw  a  big  elephant  and  a  little  one 
and  a  camel  with  an  awful  hump  on  his  back,  and  we  could 
hear  the  lion  roar  in  the  cage,  as  they  went  by.  It  must  have 
been  nice  to  see  them  close  to  and  probably  we  will  some  day. 


What  I  would  do  if  someone  gave  me  now  one  hundred 
thousand  dollars. 

If  I  should  have  the  good  fortune  of  receiving  one  hundred- 
thousand  dollars,  I  would  try  to  use  it  to  the  best  advantage. 
First  of  all,  after  completing  by  course  at  high-school,  I  would 
visit  some  good  college.  Here  I  would  spend  my  time  mostly 
in  the  study  of  languages  and  English  literature. 

When  I  have  finished  this  course  of  study,  my  next  step 
would  be  to  make  an  extensive  trip  through,  spending  a  great 
deal  of  time  in  Germany,  France,  and  England,  but  not  failing 
to  visit  Switzerland  and  Italy.  Thus  I  would  spend  about 
three  years.  Then  I  would  return  home  for  a  little  while,  but 
would  not  discontinue  my  studies :  for  one  can  never  learn  too 
much.     After  a  while  I  would  take  a  trip  too  California  and 


Set  D  25 

other  western  points  of  interest.     And  so  I  would  spend  my 
time,  enjoying  myself  in  all  possible  manners. 

But  with  all  my  pleasures  I  must  not  forget  that  my  rela- 
tives are  too  reap  some  enjoyment  from  my  wealth.  They 
also  would  be  entitled  to  some  pleasure. 


A  NEW  ENGLAND  TOWN 

All  along  the  New  England  coast  there  are  many  small 
fishing  towns.  Some  are  very  much  alive  and  flourishing 
while  others  are  almost  asleep.  It  is  of  the  latter  that  I  am 
going   to   write. 

A  town  beautifully  situated,  one  side  looking  out  over  the 
beautiful  ocean  and  looking  inland  one  sees  picturesque  moun- 
tains. This  town  might  be  described  as  a  farmer,  fishing 
town  as  the  inhabitants  which  are  few  are  both  fishermen  & 
farmers.  The  fishermas  boats  are  tied  to  the  small  wooden 
landing,  the  vegatables  in  the  farmers  garden  seem  to  be 
taking  care  of  themselves  &  have  for  months  if  not  years. 
Not  a  sign  of  work  or  hustle  but  there  is  no  end  of  beauty  in 
the  little  town  portrayed  by  natur. 


NEWSPAPER  STORY 

A  little  girl  about  ten  years  of  age,  said  to  be    

living  at st.  N.  .  .  .  Y.  . .  .  was  run  down  by  an  auto 

and  instantly  killed  as  she  was  crossing  Broadway  at  106th. 
St.  yesterday  mourning. 

The  child  had  been  on  an  errand  and  was  crossing  Broad- 
way on  her  return.  She  did  not  notice  a  large  touring  car 
that  was  speeding  down  the  avenue  until  she  was  half  way 
across  the  street,  when,  alarmed  by  the  sound  of  the  horn, 
she  started  to  run  but  the  auto  was  now  so  near  that  before  it 
could  be  stopped  it  threw  her  down  and  passed  over  her  body 
leaving  her  motionless. 

A  crowd  immediately  gathered,  the  child  was  taken  to  a 
nearby  drugstore  and  an  ambulance  summoned.  The  ambu- 
lance surgeon  said  that  the  child  was  dead  and  that  death 
had  probably  been  instantaneous.     The  body  was  identified 

by  one  of  the  onlookers  as   living  at   and 

was  immediately  taken  to  her  home. 

A  sad  coincidence  in  connection  with  this  unfortunate  acci- 
dent was  the  death  of  the  childs  father,  which  occurred  about 
four  years  before  in  a  similar  manner. 


Set  D  27 


THE  WISE  MONKEY 

A  long  time  ago,  I  do  not  know,  how  long  but  a  man  and 
a  woman  and  a  little  boy  lived  together  also  a  monkey  a  pet 
for  the  little  boy  it  happened  that  the  man  and  the  woman 
were  out,  and  the  monkey  and  little  boy,  and  the  house  started 
to  burn,  and  the  monkey  took  the  little  boys  hand,  and,  went 
out. 

The  father  had  come  home  and  was  glad  that  the  monkey 
had  saved  his  little  boy. 

And  that,  monkey  got  a  reward. 


The  slowly  sinking  sun  shed  a  faint  light  on  all  the  country 
around,  announcing  the  approach  of  twilight.  The  faint  stars 
were  just  peeping  forth  in  the  sky.  As  I  walked  down  to  the 
garden  gate  the  fresh  spring  wind,  carrying  the  incense  of  the 
orchard,  brushed  against  my  cheek.  The  evening  chores  were 
all  done  and  we  were  awaiting  the  arrival  of  the  farm  wagon 
from  town.  While  we  were  listening  for  the  familiar  rattle 
of  the  wagon,  we  occasionally  heard  the  merry  frogs  singing 
their  songs  in  the  swamps.  Such  thrilling  songs  they  were. 
Hark !  The  whip-poor-will  gave  its  evening  call.  The  time 
was  passing  too  slowly  for  us  so  we  went  to  the  strawstack 
and  scrambled  upon  it,  for  that  was  where  we  spent  many  a 
happy  hour.  We  sat  there,  making  pictures  in  the  fleecy 
clouds  floating  in  the  gray  sky.  The  air  castles  we  build, 
how  beautiful !  But  they,  too,  soon  fade  away.  Soon  one  of 
the  boys  jumped  up  and  cried,  "  All  aboard  for  hide-and-go- 
seek,"  and  named  John  as  the  one  to  find  the  rest.  During 
the  game  Clara  called  for  silence  and  through  the  solemn 
evening  air  we  heard  the  tramp  of  the  horses'  feet.  In  a  few 
moments  we  were  hurrying  along  the  moon  light  road  toward 
the  approaching  wagon.  All  was  well  now,  and  we  returned 
to  the  farmhouse  for  the  night. 

8 

It  was  between  the  dark  and  the  daylight  when  far  away 
could  be  seen  the  treacherous  wolves  skulking  over  the  hills. 
We  sat  beside  our  campfires  and  watched  them  for  awhile. 
Sometimes  a  few  of  them  would  howl  as  if  they  wanted  to 
get  in  our  camp.  Then,  half  discouraged,  they  would  walk 
away  and  soon  there  would  be  others  doing  the  same  thing. 
They  were  afraid  to  come  near  because  of  the  fires,  which 


Set  D  29 

were  burning  brightly.     I  noticed  that  they  howled  more  be- 
tween the  dark  and  the  daylight  than  at  any  time  of  the  night. 


Once  upon  a  time  a  woman  went  into  a  dark  room  and  lit 
a  match.  She  dropped  it  on  the  floor  and  it  of  course  set  the 
house  afire. 

She  jumped  out  of  the  window  and  called  her  husband  to 
come  out  too. 

They  both  forgot  all  about  the  baby.  All  of  a  sudden  he 
appeared  in  the  window  calling  his  mother. 

His  father  had  gone  next  door  to  tel  afone  to  the  fire  house. 

They  had  a  monkey  in  the  house  at  the  time  and  he  heard 
the  child  calling  his  mother.    - 

He  had  a  plan  to  save  the  baby. 

He  ran  to  the  window  where  he  was  standing.  He  put  his 
tail  about  his  waist  and  jumped  off  the  window  sill  with  the 
baby  in  his  tail. 

When  the  people  were  settled  again  they  gave  him  a  silver 
collar  as  a  reward. 

10 

Once  upon  a  time  there  lived  a  poor  man  and  his  wife  and 
their  little  girl  Grace. 

They  lived  in  the  country  in  a  little  cottage  in  the  valley. 
One  day  when  the  man  was  out  on  his  farm  a  man  at  the 
door  and  begged  for  clothing.  The  woman  said  she  was  a 
poor  herslve  to  give  anything  away.  The  man  was  mad  and 
went  away  talking  to  himselve. 

That  night  when  all  was  asleep  he  thought  he  would  get 
something  out  of  their  house  and  broke  open  the  foor.  He 
took  all  he  could  find.  Then  he  went  out  side.  Near  day 
light  he  lit  a  match  to  the  house.  Then  the  woman  came 
down  to  get  breakfast  and  called  her  husband.  He  came 
down  and  they  were  eating  breakfast  when  they  saw  the 
flames.  They  rushed  out  to  see  what  was  the  matter.  Just 
as  they  got  out  side  the  door  it  came  down  with  a  crash. 

Then  they  thought  of  the  child.     They  could  not  get  her. 

The  child  had  awoke  and  was  crying  loudly.  The  pet 
monkey  heard  her  and  came  running  to  see  what  was  the 
matter.  When  he  saw  the  fire  he  rushed  to  the  little  girl 
and  pulled  her  by  the  dress  out  to  her  parents.  The  parents 
were  very  thankful. 

For  reward  the  monkey  got  a  new  ribbon  for  his  neck  and 
all  he  wanted  to  eat. 


Set  E  31 

SET  E 

1 

1271 — 51st  St. 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  18,  191 1. 
Dear  Father, 

I  was  very  sorry  to  hear  that  you  did  not  allow  me  to  take 
the  study  of  Elocution.  You  said  that  you  thought  I  received 
enough  knowledge  of  speaking  at  home.  Now  I  want  to  tell 
you  that  although  I  do  get  the  knowledge  of  speaking  at 
home,  I  can  always  better  this.  This  Elocution  will  also 
help  me  to  get  along  in  English  and  it  will  also  make  it  easier 
for  me.  One  thing  in  which  I  am  very  much  interested,  in 
and  would  like  to  try  out  for,  is  the  "  Semi-Annual  Declama- 
tions."   I  cannot  try  for  this  unless  I  study  Elocution. 

Hoping  that  I  will  receive  an  answer  in  the  affirmative,  I 

remain>  Your  son, 


What  I  would  do  if  someone  gave  me  now  one  hundred 
thousand  dollars. 

If  I  were  given  $100,000  (or  less)  I  would  by  all  means 
travel.  I  would  first  visit  Europe  and  take  the  same  or 
nearly  the  same  route  as  Addison  did  visiting  in  turn  Eng- 
land seeing  London  and  its  environs,  France,  notably  Paris 
and  its  suburbs ;  Germany  with  its  beautiful  Rhine  and  quaint 
cities ;  Switzerland  with  its  world-famed  Alps  and  gorgeous 
scenery,  and  travel  thence  to  Italy  and  Greece  the  lands  of 
art.  I  would  undoubtedly  remain  longest  in  the  latter  men- 
tioned lands  and  thoroughly  see  the  worlds  masterpieces  of 
painting  and  sculpture.  Then,  if  my  purse  hadn't  in  the 
meantime  suffered  too  big  a  gap,  I  would  recross  the  Atlantic 
and  see  some  of  the  beauties  of  America,  as  for  instance  "  The 
Hudson,"  "  California,"  "  Mammoth  Cave,"  "  1000  Islands," 
and  "  The  Rockies."  If  I  then  still  had  sufficient  money  left 
I  would  purchase  an  enormous  library,  als  an  automobile  and 
tour  the  country  as  Alexander  Winton  has  done  it. 


Football.  The  place  was  50x100  ft,  and  there  was  a  ten 
boys  playing  F.B.  Our  captain  was  Kelley  and  the  score  was 
26  to  o.  Its  a  very  interesting  game  because  it  makes  the 
man  helty. 

I  like  to  play  Football  or  baace  Ball.  But  I  don't  know 
how  to  play  eather  one  I  like  to  learn  it. 


Set  E  33 


ONE  OF  THE  MOST  INTERESTING  PERIODS  OF  MY 

VACATION 

One  Sunday,  towards  the  end  of  my  summer  vacation,  I 
was  in  bathing  at  the  Parkway  Baths.  In  the  Brighton  Beach 
Motordrome,  a  few  rods  away,  an  aviation  meet  was  going 
on.  Several  times  one  of  the  droning  machines  had  gone 
whirring  by  over  our  heads,  so  that  when  the  buzzing  exhaust 
of  a  flier  was  heard  it  did  not  cause  very  much  comment. 
Soon,  however,  the  white  planes  of  "  Tom  "  Sopwith's  Wright 
machine  were  seen  glimmering  above  the  grandstand.  Every- 
one stood  spellbound  as  he  circled  the  track  several  times, 
and  then  headed  out  to  sea.  He  was  seen  to  have  a  passenger 
with  him.  Suddenly,  the  regular  hum  of  his  motor  was 
broken  by  severe  pops,  and  the  engine  ran  slower,  missing 
fire  badly.  In  response,  to  Sopwith's  movements,  the  big 
flier  tilted  and  swooped  down  to  the  beach  from  aloft  like  an 
eagle.  The  terrified  crowd  made  a  rush  to  get  out  of  the 
way  as  the  airship  came  on,  but  Sopwith  could  not  land  on 
the  beach,  but  skimmed  along  close  to  the  water  instead. 
Suddenly  his  wing  caught  the  water,  and  the  big  machine 
somersaulted  and  sank  beneath  the  waves.  The  aviators  soon 
came  bobbing  up  and  were  taken  away  in  a  launch,  but  the 
accident  will  not  soon  be  forgotten  by  those  who  saw  it. 


THE  RECORDER 

The  first  number  of  the  Spring  Recorder  comes  out  to-mor- 
row. Now  the  whole  school  ought  to  support  the  Recorder, 
because  it  is  the  school  paper,  and  it  is  for  the  school  that  it 
is  published.  Moreover,  it  is  not  only  a  benefit  to  the  school 
as  a  whole,  but  to  each  and  every  fellow  in  it.  The  Annexes 
are  a  thing  of  the  past,  now,  and  the  annex  fellows  can  under- 
stand and  be  interested  in  the  whole  paper,  instead  of  a  single 
column.  If  a  fellow  belongs  to  any  club  whatever,  has  seen 
any  athletic  events  in  High  School,  cares  to  know  anything 
about  the  school  doings,  or  merely  wants  to  read  a  good 
story, — and  we  all  do  that, — then  the  Recorder  is  for  him! 

6 

"  I've  got  no  show  push  pull  backing  nor  standing.  .  .  . 
I'm  a  poor  homeless  relationless,  destitute  lad.  .  .  .  I'm 
for  all  and  I'm  not  Pretentious  Pernicious  Superstitious  De- 


Set  E  35 

ceptive  nor  of  the  disliking  kind  of  People.  I'm  not  built 
that  way  I'm  like  the  Hon  Henry  George  and  his  great  5  ct 
cigar.  He  says  he  and  his  cigars  are  both  for  men  but  the 
chief  one  is  Jesus  Christ  mine  and  your  Savor  so  there  you 
are  although  I'm  a  sinner  I  declare  to  goodness  I  look  things 
square  right  Justly  and  Honestly  in  the  face  as  so  should 
be  may  be  and  must  be  the  case." 


One  of  the  best  novel  I  ever  read  is  Evangiline  it  is  a  story 
of  lovers  who  are  separated  from  Arcadia.  They  are  sepa- 
rated by  a  fire  which  the  French  soldiers  started  and  the  fire 
droves  every  body  from  there  arcadian  homes  and  make  them 
flee  for  safety.  It  is  while  Evangiline  is  fleeing  for  safety 
that  she  losses  here  lover  Gabrial  and  trails  all  over  the  world 
after  him,  Some  places  that  she  arrived,  Gabrial  had  just  left, 
and  she  went  on  and  on  more  disheartened,  and  after  she  had 
been  looking  for  him  of  years  she  finally  come  across  him, 
old  and  very  ill,  and  he  finally  died  in  her  arms. 

8 

It  was  six-thirty  one  warm  summer  evening  when  I  went 
sailing  with  a  few  boys.  We  were  in  another  part  of  the 
lake  when  our  boat  began  to  tip.  We  were  very  frightened 
because  the  wind  was  strong.  We  sailed  about  ten  yards 
farther,  then  the  boat  tipped  and  filled  with  water.  We  had 
air  tanks  that  held  the  boat  up.  A  steamer  came  near  us  and 
someone  asked  if  we  were  in  trouble.  We  said  that  we  did 
not  think  we  would  be  able  to  get  back  to  shore.  The  owner 
of  the  steamer  offered  to  take  us  to  Breezy  Point,  and  we 
accepted.  When  we  reached  the  point  I  was  excited  and 
took  the  wrong  road.  I  knew  my  parents  would  be  worried, 
so  I  hurried.  I  had  walked  about  two  miles  when  I  discov- 
ered that  I  had  taken  the  wrong  road.  I  became  so  excited 
that  I  took  off  one  of  my  shoes  (which  I  never  found)  and 
threw  it  away.  Then  I  met  a  farmer  and  asked  him  where 
Groveland  was.  He  showed  me  the  way  to  go  and  when  I 
reached  home  it  was  nine  o'clock  and  my  parents  were  search- 
ing for  me.  I  resolved  that  I  would  never  go  sailing  again 
for  fear  of  having  another  such  an  experience. 

9 

If  you  should  come  to  Hubert,  Minn.,  and  be  out  very,  very 
early  in  the  morning  before  the  sun  comes  up,  you  might  see 
two  people  crawling  silently  and  stealthily  along  in  the  gray 


Set  F 


37 


morn.  They  go  to  the  lake,  get  in  a  canoe  and  push  off  from 
the  shore.  A  few  birds  are  chirping,  but  there  are  other  queer 
noises.  Once  in  awhile  a  fish  jumps  out  of  the  water,  then  all 
is  still  for  a  moment.  A  litle  later  the  sky  begins  to  be  light 
in  the  east  and  at  last  becomes  a  gorgeous  pink  and  red  which 
cannot  be  described.  Then  the  large,  red  sun  slowly  comes 
into  sight.  Meanwhile  the  canoe  is  gliding  softly  over  the 
clear,  blue  water.  Very  soon  all  is  alive  with  cheerful  noises 
and  another  day  has  begun. 

10 

HOW  THE  MONKEY  SAVED  THE  CHILD 

There  is  a  house  on  John  Street,  where  the  mother  and 
father  went  away  and  left  a  little  boy  at  home  alone.  The 
child  was  four  years  old.  There  was  a  monkey  next  door. 
The  child  was  playing  with  a  train.  He  through  it  would 
be  fun  to  play  with  matches. 

He  did  not  know  he  was  striking  it  and  set  the  house  on 
fire.  The  monkey  saw  it  and  ran  to  the  child.  The  little  boy 
went  after  the  monkey  to  the  Street, 

The  father  and  mother  came  home  and  saw  the  child  and 
was  very  happy.  The  father  and  mother  bought  the  monkey 
a  nice  big  cage  so  it  would  not  half  to  run  about  in  the  Streets. 

The  mother  and  father  were  so  happy  that  their  little  boy 
did  not  get  burned  up.  They  bought  a  new  house  and  never 
left  the  little  boy  at  home  again. 

SET  F 
1 

305  Hinsdale  St., 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
Sept.  18,  191 1. 
Dear  Father: 

In  answer  to  your  previous  letter,  I  can  let  you  know,  that 
upon  inquiration,  I  found  out  that  at  least  two  bright  boys  of 
each  class  belong  to  the  chess  club. 

I  visited  the  club  and  watched  a  game  and  if  there  is  any- 
thing more  interesting  than  chess,  I  have  not  found  it  yet. 
Beside  the  amusement  of  the  game,  there  is  the  development 
of  the  brain.  Chess,  for  increasing  and  unfolding  the  soft, 
whitish  mass  within  the  skull,  is  as  good  a  subject  as  Latin 
or  Mathematics. 

Hoping  you  will  consent  to  my  joining  the  above  discussed 
club,  I  remain,  Your  ^ 

205^' 


Set  F  39 


What  I  would  do  if  some  gave  me  now  one  hundred  thou- 
sand dollars. 

After  having  laid  aside  a  generous  portion  of  the  $100000 
presented  to  me,  for  a  rainy  day,  I  would  take  a  trip  to 
Europe,  taking  with  me  several  friends.  Before  leaving  my 
native  land  however  I  would  put  myself  through  the  best 
College  here  then  visit  all  places  of  interest  in  the  United 
States,  with  my  friends  spoken  of  above.  When  we  had 
reached  the  old  world,  after  spending  a  year  or  so  visiting 
all  the  grand  old  places,  such  as  Athens  in  Greece,  Egypt, 
Rome,  Florence,  Venice  etc.  I  would  settle  down  for  a  few 
more  years  of  hard  study  with  some  of  the  grand  old  masters 
in  Europe.  Yes  I  know  this  sound  like  a  very  selfish  way 
to  spend  the  present  of  my  kind  friend  but  there  would  be 
still  some  left  for  charitable  purposes,  and  how  much  better 
fitted  I  would  be  for  a  life  of  usefullness  to  others. 


Some  of  the  house  burned  and  the  children  were  in  bed 
and  there  were  four  children  and  the  lady  next  store  broke 
the  door  in  and  went  up  stars  and  woke  the  peple  up  and 
whent  out  of  the  house  when  they  moved  and  and  the  girl 
was  skard  to  look  out  of  the  window  and  all  the  time  thouhth 
that  she  saw  a  flame. 

And  the  wise  monkey  reward  from  going  to  the  firehouse 
and  jumping  all  round  and  was  thankful  from  his  reward  and 
was  thankful  for  what  he  got.     $15.  was  his  reward. 


THE  RECORDER 

The  Recorder  will  be  on  sale  to-morrow  by  the  representa- 
tives in  the  various  rooms.  This  is  the  first  issue  this  year 
and  everyone  should  buy  a  copy.  This  school  has  the  repu- 
tation of  publishing  one  of  the  best  papers  in  the  city.  Of 
course,  we  cannot  publish  a  good  paper  unless  we  have  the 
support  of  the  school.  We  had  a  fine  paper  last  year,  but 
this  time,  the  management  is  going  to  make  the  paper  larger, 
and  better  and  in  every  way  the  best  in  the  city.  Will  you 
give  us  your  support? 

Every  boy  in  this  school  should  buy  the  Recorder  for  many 
reasons.  This  issue  has  more  stories — good  ones,  by  the  best 
English  students  in  the  building.  It  will  be  worth  your  dime 
to  get  the  Recorder  for  this  reason  alone.     The  stories  are 


Set  F  41 

much  more  interesting  and  instructive  than  any  dime  novel 
you  can  buy.  But  that  is  not  all.  You  get  a  dime  joke-book, 
a  good  encyclopedia  of  all  interesting  matters  of  school  in- 
terest. All  the  different  are  well  edited  and  worth  the  read- 
ing. Who  cannot  spare  a  dime  for  such  a  copious  supply  of 
information?  There  should  not  be  one  boy  who  does  not 
buy  a  copy  to-morrow  noon.     Thank  you. 


There  is  wonderful  music  there ;  sometimes  I  awake  at 
night,  and  hear  it.  It  is  full  of  the  sweetness  of  youth,  and 
love,  and  a  new  world.  I  lie  and  listen,  and  I  seem  to  arrive 
at  the  great  gates  of  my  estates.  They  swing  open  upon 
noiseless  hinges,  and  the  tropic  of  my  dreams  receives  me. 
Up  the  broad  steps,  whose  marble  pavement  mingled  light  and 
shadow  print  with  shifting  mosaic,  beneath  the  bows  of  lus- 
trous oleanders,  and  palms,  and  trees  of  unimaginable  frag- 
rance, I  pass  into  the  vestibule,  warm  with  summer  odors, 
and  into  the  presence-chamber  beyond,  where  my  wife  awaits 
me.  But  castle,  and  wife,  and  odorous  woods,  and  pictures, 
and  statues,  and  all  the  bright  substance  of  my  household, 
seem  to  reel  and  glimmer  in  the  splendor,  as  the  music  fails. 


The  cause  of  Northern  States  rising  tobbacco  is  that  the 
people  of  different  states  is  navigating  all  over  the  Northern 
States  and  irregating  the  land  and  the  south  is  drying  cause 
of  the  south  is  so  hot  and  the  sun  pointing  in  the  same  direc- 
tion the  tobbacco  is  a  hard  plant  to  raise  and  it  spoils  the 
good  soil  that  has  been  cultivated  and  refined.  Tobbac  is 
grown  many  fine  ways  it  is  grown  to  be  sold  at  high  and  low 
prices  it  is  a  very  delicate  plant  and  needs  much  care  or  the 
plant  will  die.  In  the  South  there  are  quantities  of  tobbacco 
and  other  products  the  south  is  the  most  valuable  plot  for 
rising  good  and  the  finest  of  tobbacco. 

7 

One  day  my  sister,  brother  and  I  decided  to  get  up  early 
and  get  breakfast  for  my  mother  and  father.  We  said  that 
the  one  who  woke  up  the  first  must  wake  the  others.  I  hap- 
pened to  wake  up  first  and  so  woke  up  my  brother  and  sister. 
We  got  up  and  started  to  get  breakfast.  My  little  sister  went 
upstairs  for  something  and  ran  right  into  father.  He  won- 
dered why  we  were  up  so  early  in  the  morning.     And  it  has 


Set  F  43 

since  been  a  great  joke  about  our  getting  up  at  three  o'clock 
to  get  breakfast  for  father  at  6:30. 

8 

The  twilight  of  the  afternoon  was  the  hunting  time  of  the 
day  in  our  neighborhood.  One  time  my  cousin  and  I  went 
hunting.  We  traveled  along  through  the  woods  till  we  came 
to  our  saltlick.  A  saltlick  is  a  place  that  hunters  fix  for  deer. 
They  first  find  a  good  trail,  then  a  good  tree  beside  the  trail. 
At  the  foot  of  the  tree  they  set  their  saltlick,  which  consists 
merely  of  salt.  Then  they  climb  up  in  the  tree  to  await 
the  coming  of  the  deer.  Thus  it  happened  the  night  my 
cousin  and  I  went.  We  reached  our  saltlick  and  were  soon 
perched  in  our  tree.  We  sat  there  for  some  time  before  any- 
thing showed  up.  But  after  a  half-hour  of  sitting  up  there 
in  the  tree  we  were  paid  by  seeing  a  large  stag  coming  up 
the  trail.  We  sat  as  still  as  the  tree  itself.  When  the  stag 
reached  our  saltlick  he  rather  thought  there  was  something 
around,  but  after  looking  around  for  awhile  he  contented 
himself  that  there  was  nothing  to  harm  him.  and  started 
licking  up  the  salt.  We  watched  for  awhile.  His  soft,  brown 
skin  glistening  in  the  last  rays  of  the  sun,  his  soft,  pleading 
eyes  showing  that  he  would  not  harm  anybody,  and  his  large 
antlers  branching  out  on  both  sides  of  his  head,  made  a  beau- 
tiful specimen  to  look  at.  We  soon  grew  nervous  up  there 
and  tried  to  turn.     He  heard  us  and  was  gone  like  a  flash. 


One  day  a  house  was  burned  up,  and  a  little  child  was  in  it. 
His  parents  were  taking  a  walk.  When  they  came  back  they 
saw  the  fire-men  turning  on  the  water  for  the  hose.  The 
ask'ed  some  boys  near  by  and  said  "  Do  you  know  whoes 
house  is  on  fire  "  The  boys  said  "  Your  house  '  your  house  ' 
"  Our  house  "  said  the  nerves  women  "  But  where  is  the 
monkey  and  Freadie  ".  We  do  not  know  ".  they  said.  Just 
then  one  of  the  fire-men  saw  from  a  window  a  monkey  earring 
a  baby  in  his  arms.  "  There  is  the  baby  "  cried  the  happy 
lady.  And  She  kissed  the  baby  and  the  monky  and  were 
very  thankful,  to  the  monkey,  and  gave  the  monkey  a  fine 
collar  for  reward. 

10 

"  I  read  a  pamphlet  once  upon  how  to  spend  money  wisely, 
in  benefitting  other  people,  so  as  I  have  received  $100.00  I 
intend  to  spend  it  wisely. 


Set  G  45 

"  Yesterday  I  went  to  a  German  family,  who  were  strangers 
here,  having  just  come  from  Germany,  and  needed  help  every 
badly.  The  mother  was  a  kind  motherly  looking  woman, 
who  I  know  I  could  depend  upon,  so  giving  her  a  check  for 
$40.00  for  clothing  and  food.  I  departed,  leaving  their  faces 
shining  with  relief  and  gratitude. 

"  That  evening,  coming  home  I  met  two  ragged,  but  clean 
looking  children,  one  of  them  crying  very  bitterly,  so  stopping 
I  asked  them  what  was  the  matter,  the  little  girl  said,  "  I  am 
looking  for  a  doctor.'  Then  she  began  crying.  I  took  her 
and  the  little  boy  home  with  me,  which  was  not  very  far 
away,  and  then  I  told  her  to  tell  me  all  about  it.  Mother  fell 
down  the  cellar  this  morning,  and  broke  her  arm,  she  sent 
me  for  the  doctor,  but  I  can't  find  him,  and  if  I  did  we 
wouldn't  be  able  to  pay  for  it." 

SET  G 
1 

If  I  should  this  day  receive  $100,000  to  use  it  as  I  thought 
best,  I  would,  for  one  year  let  it  lay  in  the  bank.  By  the 
time  I  had  finished  my  High  School  course,  (which  I  expect 
to  do  next  June,)  I  would  prepare  for  a  course  of  study  in 
India.  Before  beginning  studying  I  would  travel  all  through 
that  country  and  become  familiar  with  the  Indian  language. 
When  this  was  done,  I  should  go  to  one  of  the  adepts  and 
place  myself  under  his  care  and  there  study  and  develop  my 
mind  in  the  same  way,  or  I  might  rather  say,  start  with  that 
object  in  view,  for  I  could  never  expect  to  do  this  even  by 
far  half,  what  a  great  many  Hindus  attain  at  the  early  age  of 
eight.  Then  after  presusing  this  line  for  maybe  two  years, 
I  should  return  to  this  this  country,  and  do  all  that  is  in  my 
power  to  help  other  attain  to  that  higher  and  better  life. 


There  has  been  much  discourse  in  these  papers  upon  re- 
ceptivity, but  what  have  we  to  give  sufficient  to  mark  the 
destiny  of  another?  The  spirit  of  giving  is  animated  bv 
various  motives.  To  bestow  something  of  lasting  benefit 
seems  almost  too  vague  and  remote.  Gifts  of  appreciation 
tied  up  in  large  packages  and  bound  with  ribbons  of  peace 
can  be  distributed  to  the  far  corners  of  the  earth  free  of 
charge.  Why  appreciation  and  for  what?  In  this  as  in  all, 
we  must  show  discrimination  to  the  very  letter  of  our  giving. 
Again,  some  will  ask,  of  what  use  is  a  gift  without  face  value? 
The  recipient  fails  to  acknowledge  it.     O,  how  vain  our  world. 


Set  G  47 

3 

The  boys  call  out  at  one  time,  we  want  to  play  football. 
One  boy  hollars  captain  on  one  side.  The  game  is  started, 
and  I  am  afraid  I  will  get  hurth.  All  at  once  I  see  the  boys 
running  I  run  to  I  jump  on  one  boy.  I  get  a  goo  and  tight 
grip,  and  I  was  down  on  the  ground. 


SENATOR  KNOX  KILLED 

John  Mullegan,  a  ward  of  the  worst  type,  shot  and 

instantly  killed,  today,  State  Senator  Robert  A.  Knox,  as  he 
was  entering  his  residence  at  No.  86  West  72  Street.  The 
assasin  immediately  gave  himself  up  to  Patrolman  Smith, 
who  was  on  Columbus  Avenue  when  he  heard  the  shots. 

Mullegan  succeeded  in  firing  four  shots,  two  of  which  took 
effect.  There  was  no  witnesses  of  the  crime  as  the  street  was 
deserted  at  the  time,  but  when  the  shots  were  fired,  Smith 
dashed  around  the  corner  and  saw  Mullegan  walking  rapidly 
down  the  street.  Calling  on  him  to  halt,  Smith  drew  his 
revolver.  Mullegan  immediately  turned  and  threw  up  his 
hands  and  confessed  to  the  chooting. 

It  is  believed  that  he  expected  to  be  given  some  political 
position,  and  with  this  in  mind  procured  many  votes  for 
Knox.  When  Knox  announced  a  few  days  after  election 
that  he  could  not  fulfill  all  of  his  campaign  obligations,  Mul- 
legan was  heard  to  remark  that  "  he  would  fix  that  dirty 
crawler." 

On  examination  after  the  crime,  at  the  West  76  Street  Sta- 
tion, a  32  cal.  revolver  was  found  on  Mullegan,  having  four 
exploded  shells,  also  two  letters  from  Knox,  which  will  be 
used  as  evidence  at  the  trial. 


A  thousand  dollars  is  a  very  great  sum  to  be  given,  but  one 
can  buy  things ;  toys  for  many  unfortunate  poor  children,  who 
have  never  seen  one  and  would  be  very  delighted  to  be  given 
one;  provisions  are  greedyly  eaten  by  many  poor  families, 
who  are  really  helpless  to  get  work  on  account  of  existing 
labor  conditions.  Fuel  is  thankfully  taken,  for  these  winters 
are  long  and  deary,  and  even  though  one  has  not  very  much 
to  eat,  and  a  house  that  is  hardly  large  enough,  a  good  fire 
always  makes  life  more  cheerful. 

Many,  who  are  rich  do  not  think  of  these  charities,  ex- 
specially  those,  who  have  always  lived  in  luxury  and  riches. 
Many,  who  have  risen  know  the  bitterness  of  poverty. 


Set  G  49 


If  this  sum  should  be  given  me,  I  would  help  the  poor  and 
afflicted  peo-  that  are  in  a  sadder  state  of  affair,  and  a  worse 
condition  than  I  am.    Help  those  who  cannot  help  themselves. 

Give  many  present  to  the  inmates  of  my  family,  and  my 
many  kind  (kind)  friends.  I  would  fit  myself  with  clothes 
for  the  winter,  and  get  some  books  that  I  have  been  longing 
for. 

I  would  buy  a  piano  or  some  kind  of  music,  for  i  love  music. 

I  would  do  these  and  preferred  them  because,  they  are  a 
great  many  people  that  need  help  and  aid.  Sometime  there  or 
cases  where  people  are  lead  to  bad  habits  or  to  commit  crimes 
on  account  of  the  lack  of  food  and  fuel.  I  would  give  these 
things  to  my  family  because  they  are  kind  and  dear  to  me, 
and  have  given  me  many  gifts.     Give  to  my  friends  because 


This  horrible  talk,  however,  evidently  possessed  a  potent 
magic  for  my  friend;  and  his  imagination,  chilled  for  a  while 
by  the  frigid  contact  of  his  kinsman,  began  to  glow  again 
with  its  earlier  fire.  From  this  moment  he  ceased  to  steer  his 
cockle-shell,  to  care  what  he  said  or  how  he  said  it,  so  long 
as  he  expressed  his  passionate  satisfaction  in  the  scene  about 
him.  As  he  talked  I  ceased  even  mentally  to  protest.  I  have 
wondered  since  that  I  should  not  have  resented  the  exhibition 
of  so  rank  and  florid  an  egotism.  But  a  great  frankness  for 
the  time  makes  its  own  law,  and  a  great  passion  its  own 
channel.  There  was,  moreover,  an  immense  sweetness  in  the 
manner  of  my  friend's  speech.  Free  alike  from  either  adula- 
tion or  envy,  the  very  soul  of  it  was  a  divine  apprehension, 
an  imaginative  mastery,  free  as  the  flight  of  Ariel,  of  the 
poetry  of  his  companions'  situation  and  of  the  contracted 
prosiness  of  their  attitude. 

8 

THE  PREACHER  OF  AUBURN 

The  most  popular  man  of  Auburn  was  the  preacher.  Al- 
though he  had  a  very  small  salary  he  was  contented.  The 
preacher  was  kind  to  everybody-  Little  children  loved  him. 
Old  soldiers  liked  to  sit  by  his  fireside  and  tell  stories  of  the 
battles,  which  they  had  fought  in.  The  beggars  who  came 
to  his  door,  although  chided  for  leading  such  an  existence, 
were  always  clothed  and  feed. 

The  preacher  was  always  willing  to  go  to  the  homes  where 
there  was  sickness  or  death.  Here  he  helped  in  all  things 
that  he  could. 


Set  G  51 

In  the  church  he  preached  with  unaffected  grace,  and  all 
who  came  to  scoff  at  him  remained  to  worship. 

The  minister  was  a  contented,  simple  and  kind  man,  whom 
the  people  loved. 

9 

About  sixty  miles  to  the  north  of  Glasgow,  Scotland,  is  the 
little  village  of  Strathmiglo,  with  its  thousand  inhabitants. 
In  this  village  every  man  knows,  every  one  else  business  and 
family  history.  The  River  Eden  finds  its  source  a  little  above 
this  town,  and  is  about  sixteen  feet  wide,  but  its  deepth  varies 
at  turns  and  under  bridges.  This  town  boasts  of  a  bleachfield 
and  uses  the  power  of  the  Eden  as  its  motive  power,  and  has 
a  large  dam  from  which  the  water  falls  on  the  wheel  of  the 
bleachery.  The  principal  street  in  this  town  is  High  Street, 
from  which  all  other  streets  branch.  This  town  also  boasts 
of  a  town  hall,  with  a  steeple,  and  a  church,  with  a  regular 
minister,  and  a  pretty  little  rectory.  This  minister  was  mar- 
ried, and  had  a  son  of  thirteen  years,  who  did  not  wish  to 
follow  in  his  father's  footsteps  because  it  was  to  slow  for  him. 
He  was  a  good  student,  and  also  held  the  reputation  of  being 
the  greatest  mischief  maker  in  Fifeshire  (according  to  our 
reporter).     It  seemed  to  be  born  in  him  to  play  pranks. 

10 

One  evening  about  five  o'clock  my  uncle  told  me  to  get  the 
cows,  which  were  a  little  over  a  half-mile  away.  When  I 
reached  the  place  the  cows  were  not  to  be  seen.  I  looked  a 
long  time  for  them,  but  could  not  find  one.  I  went  home  and 
told  my  uncle  I  could  not  find  them.  Two  other  men  besides 
my  uncle  and  I  went  to  look  for  them.  We  each  had  a 
whistle  so  that  if  we  should  lose  each  other,  we  could  whistle. 
After  hunting  for  them  together  for  about  half  an  hour,  we 
decided  to  separate.  If  we  should  find  the  cows  or  get  lost 
all  we  would  have  to  do  would  be  to  blow  the  whistle.  My 
brother  and  I  went  one  way,  while  the  men  went  another. 
We  were  to  meet  a  bridge  that  went  across  the  island.  We 
had  hunted  a  few  minutes  when  I  saw  that  my  brother  was 
gone.  I  whistled  and  whistled,  but  no  answer  came.  I  went 
to  the  bridge.  When  I  reached  it  I  saw  the  footprints  of 
the  cows.  I  looked  to  see  which  way  they  went,  but  it  was 
too  dark  to  tell.  Suddenly  I  heard  something.  I  looked 
around  and  saw  a  cow.  I  knew  she  would  go  home  if  I 
started  to  chase  her.  After  about  twenty-five  minutes  of 
chasing  we  came  to  a  road.  I  saw  that  it  was  the  road  going 
to  my  uncle's  home.  I  followed  it  and  when  I  reached  the 
house  it  was  eight  o'clock.  My  uncle  had  brought  the  other 
cows  home  about  an  hour  before. 


Set  H  53 

SET  H 

1 

"  Boys,"  we  have  sold  about  nine-hundred  recorders  last 
week  and  that  is  very  poor.  There  are  about  eighteen-hun- 
dred  boys  in  our  school  and  we  have  sold  only  one-half  of 
what  we  ought  to  have  sold  to  boys  who  have  a  little  interest 
in  our  school. 

Every  boy  should  have  some  interest  and  liking  in  "  Boys' 
High  School  "  and  in  order  to  show  that,  he  ought  to  buy  a 
recorder.  It  only  costs  ten  cents,  and  that  will  not  break  a 
fellow.  This  recorder  is  a  book  which  comes  out  every 
month  and  it  contains  many  good  short  stories  and  it  also 
tells  of  the  games  which  high  school  played,  during  the  recent 
month. 

The  next  issue  comes  out  two  weeks  from  to-day  and  it  will 
contain  the  pictures  of  different  teams  and  also  about  the 
games  which  they  played.  High  School  will  open  her  foot- 
ball season  Saturday  and  it  will  also  play  the  following  Sat- 
urday. The  full  details  of  the  games  will  occur  in  the  next 
issue  of  the  recorder. 

I  have  nothing  else  to  say,  except  that  I  want  to  see  at  least 
fifteen-hundred  copies  sold  and  High  School  can  do  it  if  every 
one  tries  to  buy  one.  Thank  you 


IN  THE  SUBWAY 

Would  that  "Subway  Express"  never  come?  The  crowd 
that  was  gathering  on  the  platform  made  me  anxious,  for 
even  standing  room  when  the  train  did  come. 

At  last  it  came  and  as  the  first  one  or  two  cars  passed 
me  by  I  noticed  a  number  of  empty  seats.  When  the  middle 
cars  at  last  stopped  in  front  of  me  I  saw  that  the  aisles  were 
crowded  with  standing  people.  I  soon  found  myself  in  their 
midst  hanging  to  a  strap. 

The  seats  in  the  first  car  tempted  so  I  started  to  make  my 
way  through  the  crowd.  After  trying  for  quite  a  while  and 
making  no  headway  whatever  I  grabbed  another  strap  and 
stayed  there  patiently. 

Even  since  then  I  have  gone  to  one  end  of  the  station  where 
there  are  usually  a  few  people  and  watch  the  mob  rush  for 
the  middle  doors. 


Set  H  55 


A  cry  of  fire  today  startled  the  busy  pupils  in  Horace  Mann 
School^  120th.  Street  and  Broadway.  The  entire  school  in 
a  panic  resulting  from  the  trick  of  a  mischievous  boy. 

This  morning  at  ten  o'clock  a  boy  flew  down  the  main  cor- 
ridor on  the  third  floor,  frantically  shouting,  "  fire !  fire !  " 
Another  pupil,  strolling  peacefully  down  the  hall,  heard  cry 
and  ran  to  the  alarm  bell. 

The  school  was  soon  in  an  uproar.  One  class  rushed 
wildly  from  the  recitation  room  to  which  it  had  been  assigned, 
and  literally  tumbled  down  the  wide  stairs.  The  other  classes 
were  controled,  so  the  terrified  pupils  had  plenty  of  room  to 
escape. 

Great  presence  of  mind  was  shown  by  the  teachers  who 
immediately  reduced  the  confusion  to  order.  Althrough  the 
school  children  were  badly  frightened  they  did  as  they  were 
told  excepting  one  or  two  who  dashed  away  before  the  lines 
were  formed.  In  two  minutes  the  building  was  emptied  by 
the  fire  drill  Horace  Mann  has  been  practising. 

Every  one  looked  foolish  when  they  got  outside  and  were 
told  there  was  no  fire.  The  joke  happened  to  appeal  to  a 
youngster,  with  an  abnormal  sense  of  humor,  but  he  will 
probably  never  attempt  such  a  thing  again,  as  he  is  to  suffer 
a  severe  punishment,  besides  staying  home  a  few  weeks  to 
think  over  his  sins. 


THE  FIRE 

One  day  a  little  child  was  in  her  house  alone.  Her  mother 
and  father  was  out,  an  the  house  was  on  fire  when  the  mother 
an  father  was  home.  It  was  not  on  fire.  A  wise  monkey  saw 
It  and  he  quackley  found  away  in-to  the  house  an  carried  the 
baby  save  to  the  yard. 

Meanwhile  her  parents  came  home  they  saw  what  had  hap- 
pened they  were  afaread  that  there  baby  was  burnt. 

They  sent  word  that  who  every  would  bring  back  there 
baby  they  would  give  them  some  thing. 

A  few  days  after  a  monkey  came  with  the  baby.  The 
mother  an  father  gave  the  monkey  one  dollar.  The  monkey 
broght  it  to  his  misie  an  he  was  very  prade  for  he  saved  the 
baby. 

5 

He  thought  he  had  never  seen  anything  so  characteristically 
French ;  all  the  French  novels  seemed  to  have  described  it, 
all  the   French   landscapists  to  have  painted  it.     The  fields 


Set  H  57 

and  trees  were  of  a  cool  metallic  green ;  the  grass  looked  as 
it  might  stain  your  trousers,  and  the  foliage  your  hands.  The 
clear  light  had  a  sort  of  mild  grayness ;  the  sunbeams  were 
of  silver  rather  than  gold.  A  great  red-roofed,  high-stacked 
farm-house,  with  whitewashed  walls  and  a  straggling  yard, 
surveyed  the  high  road,  on  one  side,  from  behind  a  trans- 
parent curtain  of  poplars.  A  narrow  stream,  half  choked  with 
emerald  rushes  and  edged  with  gray  aspens,  occupied  the 
opposite  quarter.  The  meadows  rolled  and  sloped  away 
gently  to  the  low  horizon,  which  was  barely  concealed  by 
the  continuous  line  of  clipped  and  marshalled  trees.  The 
prospect  was  not  rich,  but  it  had  a  frank  homeliness  which 
touched  the  young  man's  fancy.  I  was  full  of  light  atmos- 
phere and  diffused  sunshine,  and  if  it  was  prosaic,  it  was 
soothing. 

6 

A  boy  who  lived  in  a  small  town  out  side  of  Boston  walked 
into  a  grocery  store  one  day  limping  and  with  a  bag  under 
his  arm,  the  keeper  asked  him  what  was  the  trouble,  and  he 
said  he  had  been  kicked  all  over  the  house  for  just  playing  a 
little  joke  on  his  father  and  so  he  was  going  to  run  away  from 
home  The  keeper  asked  him  what  he  had  done  and  he  said 
"  You  see  the  other  day  I  thought  I  would  have  some  fun 
with  my  father  so  I  wrote  a  letter  to  him  and  made  out  I 
was  a  girl  and  told  him  to  meet  me  at  the  corner  of  water 
street  at  7 :30  on  Saturday  evening  and  signed  the  name 
"  Daisy "  to  it.  At  supper  that  night  pa  had  he  face  all 
shaved  his  hair  plastered  down,  and  to  told  ma  he  was  going 
around  to  a  club  meeting. 

7 

A  PICTURE 

I  should  like  to  see  a  picture,  illustrating  a  part  of  L'allegro. 
Where  the  godesses  of  Mirth  and  Liberty  trip  along  hand 
in  hand.  Two  beautiful  girls  dressed  in  flowing  garments, 
dancing  along  a  flower-strewn  path,  through  a  pretty  garden. 
Their  hair  flowing  down  in  long  curls.  Their  countenances 
showing  their  perfect  freedom  and  happiness.  Their  arms 
extended  gracefully  smelling  some  sweet  flower.  In  my 
mind  this  would  make  a  beautiful  picture. 

8 

When  Abraham  was  twenty  one  the  family  moved  to  De- 
catur where  he  made  his  first  public  speech.  Here  he  built 
a  boat  and  went  to  New  Orleans  where  for  the  first  time  he 


Set  H  59 

saw  slaves.  Then  he  vowed  he  put  and  end  to  it  someday 
if  he  could.  When  he  returned  he  went  to  New  Salem  where 
he  was  postmaster  and  store  clerk  He  was  then  elected  to 
the  legislature.  He  studied  law  and  when  twenty  eight  he 
was  admitted  to  the  bar.  Then  after  a  few  years  he  was 
elected  president  and  office  which  he  filled  as  few  men  would 
at  his  time.  When  he  was  elected  his  troubles  began.  He 
was  against  slavery  the  states  left  the  union.  At  the  war 
which  freed  the  slaves  came.  During  this  war  Lincoln 
showed  his  kind  heartness  by  pardoning  so  many  men.  He 
did  not  like  to  see  these  men  shot  leaving  their  wives  and 
families  fatherless. 


About  ten  years  ago  father  bought  a  large  ranch  up  in  the 
northern  part  of  Minnesota.  We  were  all  eager  to  go  to  this 
ranch,  so  he  also  bought  a  fine  horse  which  we  called  Prince, 
and  a  double-seated  buggy.  We  were  to  drive  up.  The  day 
of  our  departure  drew  near,  and  about  three  o'clock,  one 
lovely  morning,  mother  awakened  me  and  told  me  to  hurry 
as  we  wanted  to  start  in  an  hour.  I  was  up  and  dressed  in 
a  few  moments,  and  hurried  through  breakfast.  In  half  an 
hour  we  were  ready  to  start.  I  had  never  seen  so  beautiful 
a  morning.  The  sun  was  just  showing  its  great  golden  face 
over  the  horizon.  The  birds  were  popping  up  out  of  their 
nest,  and  all  the  world  seemed  to  awaken  to  their  thrilling 
songs.  We  rode  all  that  day,  stopping  only  for  food  and 
drink,  and  to  let  the  horse  rest.  So  we  went  on  for  a  week, 
having  the  most  delightful  ride  and  the  best  time  I  have  ever 
spent.  One  morning  about  ten  o'clock  we  arrived  at  our 
destination,  all  tired  out,  but  happy.  And  though  other  oc- 
currences on  the  drive  have  been  blotted  out  of  my  mind, 
that  one  morning  when  all  the  world  seemed  glad  will  for- 
ever be  fresh  in  my  memory. 

10 

"  If  I  had  one  hundred  dollars,  I  would  take  five  persons 
up  to  symons  and  spend  twenty  dollars  on  each  person,  and 
they  could  have  anything  they  like  to  buy.  After  they  had 
bought  what  they  wanted,  I  would  ask  "them  if  they  were 
pleased?  and  if  they  said  no  I  would  tell  them  to  go  back 
and  change  the  drygoods,  that  they  bought  and  buy  exactly 
what  they  really  wanted,  or  needed,  and  if  they  were  not 
satisfied  then  I  could  do  no  more  for  them  because  my  hun- 
dred dollars  would  be  spent." 


Set  I  61 

SET   I 

1 

Resolved,  The  school  day  in  Boy's  High  School  should  not 
be  extended  to  four  oclock. 

One  reason  why  this  should  not  be  done  is,  because  it  would 
not  be  beneficial  to  the  student.  When  a  boy  has  to  stay  in 
school  so  long  of  a  nice  afternoon  he  feels  a  dislike  to  stay  in 
so  long.  This  causes  him  to  take  less  interest  in  his  work. 
When  you  take  no  interest,  or  very  little  interest  in  your  work 
you  cannot  accomplish  anything  to  signify.  Thus  the  boy  who 
takes  no  interest  in  his  work  will  not  accomplish  anything.  The 
main  object  of  lengthening  the  time  is  to  get  a  higher  standard 
of  work.  This  could  not  be  accomplished  as  has  been  proven 
above.  This  would  not  benefit  the  student  physically  because 
he  would  have  little  or  no  time  for  exercise.  As  the  saying 
goes,  "A  strong  mind  in  a  strong  body  "  would  not  apply  here 
because  the  boy  would  be  weakened  physically  by  the  long 
hours.     Thus  it  would  not  be  beneficial  to  him. 


SHOULD  SCHOOL  CLOSE  AT  TWO  O'CLOCK? 

By  the  term  "  school  "  I  mean  of  course  Horace  Mann  School 
and  just  the  years  of  the  High  School.  By  "  close  "  I  mean 
stop  for  the  day  a  two  o'clock  instead  of  two  forty  five.  There 
would  be  the  two  sessions  as  there  are  now,  only  the  last  period 
would  be  dropped  off. 

It  is  evident  that  it  would  be  very  beneficial  to  the  students 
to  get  out  at  two  instead  of  two  forty  five  because  they  would 
have  more  time  to  be  out  of  doors  and  the  school  day  would 
not  be  so  tiring.  But  still  it  must  be  admitted  that  there  would 
be  more  time  during  the  school  hour  to  get  the  next  day's 
lessons.  Looking  at  it  in  this  way  it  seems  a  question  of, 
whether  it  would  be  more  beneficial  to  the  pupil  to  get  out 
earlier  and  have  more  lessons  for  the  next  day,  or  to  get  out 
later  and  have  not  so  many  lessons  to  prepare  at  home.  If  you 
can  then  prove  that  it  is  better  to  get  out  earlier  even  with  more 
lessons  to  prepare  you  can  say  that  School  should  close  at  two 
instead  of  two  forty  five. 


If  the  sum  of  a  thousand  dollars  was  to  be  given  to  me  to 
spend  for  anything  I  wished  during  the  Christmas  holidays,  I 
think  I  should  spend  some  of  it  for  the  things  I  love  most, 
books. 


Set  I  63 

I  would  very  soon  fill  up  my  library  with  the  very  best  books 
that  could  be  bought,  and  enjoy,  very  much,  the  part  of  the 
sum  of  money  which  was  spent  for  them. 

I  think  with  part  of  the  money  which  was  left  I  should  take 
a  trip  somewhere;  either  to  Yellow  Stone  Park,  although  it  is 
very  cold,  or  to  Virginia,  to  the  old  battle-grounds,  where  I 
have  always  wished  to  go. 

But  I  should  not  spend  all  of  my  money  on  myself,  for  I 
should  buy  gifts  for  others,  and,  especially,  while  I  had  this 
money,  I  would  certainly  give  something  to  charity. 

I  think  I  should  give  to  charity  first,  for  I  always  wanted 
to  and  now  I  could  give  a  great  deal. 

I  can  think  of  no  better  way  to  spend  a  sum  amounting  to 
one  thousand  dollars  unless  it  would  be  for  charity,  books, 
traveling,  and  gifts  for  others. 


FOUR  OR  MORE  SPORTS  AT  HORACE  MANN 

This  is  a  question  which  can  have  many  arguments  to  sup- 
port each  side. 

If  the  school  is  limited  to  the  four  chief  sports — football, 
baseball,  basketball,  and  track,  better  teams  in  each  will  surely 
be  obtained,  for  fellows,  who  would  otherwise  go  out  for  minor 
sports,  would  undoubtedly  join  the  squads  of  the  four  chief 
sports,  and  the  coaches  would  have  a  larger  bunch  of  material 
to  pick  from.  The  dropping  of  the  minor  sports  would  make 
a  larger  money  supply  and  the  teams  could  play  many  more 
games. 

But  if  minor  sports  like  rowing,  golf,  handball,  and  tennis 
are  adopted,  many  fellows  would  probably  be  attracted,  who 
otherwise  would  not.  Many  fellows  would  then  get  a  lot  of 
exercise  which  they  ordinarily  would  not. 


One  winter  we  had  a  gas  stove  up  in  a  room  on  the  top  floor. 
A  little  while  after  the  gas  stove  exploded.  But  we  put  the 
fire  out.  And  a  child  was  in  the  house  alone.  When  she  saw 
the  smoke  she  ran. 

A  wisw  old  monkey  was  with  her.  There  was  a  looking  glass 
in  the  house.  When  their  parents  saw  that  the  fire  was  out 
they  were  very  thankful.  One  day  this  little  girl  lost  some- 
thing and  the  farther  had  put  on  a  pape  reward. 


Set  I  65 

6 

1823  Douglass  St., 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
Nov.   14,  191 1. 
Dear  Cousin  Harry, 

I  have  read  your  letter  and  learned  about  your  doubts  as  to 
which  side  to  take  in  the  debate  on,  "  Resolved  that  Godfrey 
was  justified  in  not  making  public  his  relation  to  Eppie  after 
his  failure."  I  think  that  it  is  the  best  debate  for  the  affirma- 
tive in  the  book,  "  Silas  Marner."  I  will  try  to  show  you  how 
this  topic  is  best  to  be  taken  in  the  affirmative  and  give  you 
some  hints. 

In  the  first  place,  Godfrey  would  not  have  gained  anything 
by  his  revelation  after  his  failure  to  the  public.  He  would  only 
have  been  despised  and  hated.  Nancy's  father  and  sister  would 
have  made  Nancy  to  leave  him.  His  spirits  and  Nancy's  would 
have  entirely  been  broken. 

Hoping  that  these  few  hints  will  make  you  to  determine  upon 
taking  the  affirmative,  I  remain, 

Your  beloved  cousin, 

Jacob   Tarotsky. 

7 

How  one  loves  to  see  the  burly  figure  of  him,  this  thick- 
skinned,  seemingly  opaque,  perhaps  sulky,  almost  stupid  man 
of  practice,  pitted  against  some  light  adroit  man  of  theory,  all 
equipt  with  clear  logic,  and  able  anywhere  to  give  you  why  for 
wherefore!  The  adroit  man  of  theory,  so  light  of  movement, 
clear  of  utterance,  with  his  bow  full-bent  and  quiver  full  of 
arrow-arguments, — surely  he  will  strike  down  the  game,  trans- 
fix everywhere  the  heart  of  the  matter;  triumph  everywhere, 
as  he  proves  that  he  shall  and  must  do?  To  your  astonishment, 
it  turns  out  oftenest  no.  The  cloudy-browed,  thick-soled, 
opaque  practicality,  with  no  logic  utterance,  in  silence  mainly, 
with  here  and  there  a  low  grunt  or  growl,  has  in  him  what 
transcends  all  logic-utterance;  a  congruity  with  the  unuttered. 
The  speakable,  which  lies  atop,  as  a  superficial  film,  or  outer 
skin,  is  his  or  is  not  his;  but  the  doable,  which  reaches  down 
to  the  world's  center,  you  find  him  there ! 

8 

The  why  Beatrix  did  not  love  Henry  were  many.  He  had 
no  high  influential  position  &  was  not  very  wealthy,  he  was  not 
like  most  yung  men  of  the  time,  hanging  around  the  court  and 
having  his  name  printed  in  the  news  paper  for  having  done  a 
most  daring  escapade.     He  did  not  like  a  life  of  gayty  &  which 


Set  J  67 

she  did.  He  was  bashful,  and  the  only  time  when  Beatrix  did 
love  him  when  he  wore  his  brilliant  uniform  of  colonel.  She 
could  not  live  the  life  of  a  country  lady,  because  it  was  against 
her  spirit.  She  was  yung  &  wanted  a  lively  life  such  as  Henry 
could  not  give  her. 

9 

It  was  twilight  and  I  sat  on  a  chair  by  the  window,  gazing 
at  the  clouds.  I  could  see  many  pretty  things  up  there  among 
the  clouds.  One  of  them  was  a  big,  white  bird,  with  outspread 
wings,  which  looked  as  if  it  were  really  flying.  After  that  came 
steamships  sailing  along;  and  men  hurrying  after  each  other, 
and  more  birds  of  various  kinds.  Soon  they  grew  fainter  and 
fainter.  It  became  darker  and  my  moving  pictures  faded  from 
sight.  I  did  not  look  at  the  clouds  any  more,  but  I  saw  the 
moon  come  sailing  along  with  her  funny  face,  the  sight  of 
which  made  me  laugh.  Mother  heard  me  laughing  and  came 
to  see  what  was  the  matter.  I  told  her  to  look  up  at  the  moon 
and  she  smiled,  too.  I  said,  "  Mother,  don't  you  think  that 
watching  the  sky  at  sunset  is  the  best  way  to  spend  the  twilight 
hour?" 

10 

THE  BRNED  HOUSE 

Once  a  father  and  mother  went  out  and  left  there  little  girl 
home  alone.  She  climbed  on  a  chair  and  got  some  mathches. 
She  played  with  them.  And  she  through  them  on  the  floor. 
There  was  paper  on  the  floor.  The  little  girl  aceatentaly  steped 
on  one.  Then  she  went  in  the  next  room.  The  mathches  caught 
fire  to  the  paper  the  paper  to  a  lace  cwatan.  It  happened  there 
was  a  monkey  in  the  house.  The  little  went  out  into  the  room 
where  the  fire  was.  When  she  saw  the  fire  she  tried  to  put  it 
out.  But  here  clothes  caught  fire.  The  monkey  got  out  of  the 
cage.  Took  hold  of  the  little  girl  and  sung  here  around  untill 
the  clooze  went  out.  The  house  nurned  down  but  the  mother 
and  father  said  they  were  glad  there  little  girl  was  saved.  The 
monkeys  reward  was  he  could  go  about  as  he  pleased  and  have 
wat  he  wanted. 

SET  J 
1 

"Which  of  the  seasons  is  the  pleasantest?  Grim  winter  with 
its  cold  snows  and  whistling  winds,  or  pleasant  spring  with  its 
green  grass  and  budding  trees,  or  warm  summer  with  its  ripen- 
ing fruit  and  beautiful  flowers,  or  delightful  autumn  with  its 
golden  fruit  and  splendid  sunsets?     I  think  that  I  like  all  the 


Set  J  09 

seasons  very  well.  In  winter  comes  the  blazing  fire  and  Christ- 
mas treat.  Then  we  can  have  sleighrides  and  play  in  the  snow 
and  generally  get  pretty  cold  noses  and  toses.  In  spring  we 
have  a  great  deal  of  rain  and  very  often  snow  and  therefore 
we  do  not  enjoy  that  season  as  much  as  we  would  if  it  was  dry 
weather,  but  we  should  remember  that  April  showers  bring 
May  flowers.  In  summer  we  can  hear  the  birds  warbling  their 
sweet  notes  in  the  trees  and  we  have  a  great  many  strawberries, 
currants,  gooseberries  and  cherries,  which  I  like  very  much,  in- 
deed, and  I  think  summer  is  a  very  pleasant  season.  In  autumn 
we  have  some  of  our  choicest  fruits,  such  as  peaches,  pears, 
apples,  grapes  and  plums  and  plenty  of  flowers  in  the  former 
part,  but  in  the  latter,  about  in  November,  the  wind  begins  to 
blow  and  the  leaves  to  fall  and  the  flowers  to  wither  and  die. 
Then  cold  winter  with  its  sleigh-rides  comes  round  again." 


What  I  would  if  some  one  gave  me  now  one  hundred  thousand 
dollars. 

Such  a  question  being  suddenly  put  to  one  they  naturally 
pause  to  consider,  and  at  first  it  would  be  no  small  question  to 
decide  the  best  way  to  proceed.  But  since  we  all  have  perhaps 
pictured  ourselves  rich  to  the  extent  of  that  amount,  we  should 
to  have  some  ideas. 

For  my  self,  being  situated  as  I  am,  I  would  begin  to  look 
about  for  good  places  to  invest  the  money  where  it  might  bring 
me  liberal  returns  for  its  usage.  My  first  principle  would  be 
never  to  use  that  amount  for  any  other  purpose  than  as  a  capital 
on  which  to  work. 

After  this  capital  had  brought  me  a  liberal  amount  it  might 
be  used  for 


If  some  one  should  give  one  hundred  thousand  dollars  now 
I  would  quite  school  and  go  to  College  and  put  the  money  in  the 
bank.  And  after  a  while  buy  a  farm  and  raise  good  horses 
cows  -  pigs  and  chickens.  When  I  was  through  College  I  would 
go  and  live  in  a  large  city  and  go  to  work  and  spend  my  money 
in  real  estate  and  then  travel  for  a  couple  of  years.  And  after 
all  my  money  was  gone  I  would  go  to  work  until  I  got  quite 
little  money  and  would  go  out  on  my  farm  and  amuse  myself 
chasing  pigs  and  chickens  and  go  to  town  every  day  to  take  in 
the  sights  and  lose  some  of  my  money  in  some  skin  game  and 
then  when  I  got  old  I  would  sell  all  my 


Set  J  :i 


If  I  had  a  thousand  dollars  to  spend,  I  think  I  would  take 
a  trip  to  San  Francisco  by  train  with  the  rest  of  the  family, 
and  stop  at  a  sea-side  hotel.  It  would  be  glorious  to  see  the 
surf  again,  and  to  escape  from  the  cold  blustering  weather  of 
December  for  the  balmy  breezes  of  the  ocean,  and  the  whiff  of 
orange  blossoms. 

We  could  take  long  drives  under  shady  trees,  visit  the  orange 
and  olive  groves  and  bathe  in  the  surf.  Think  of  bathing  in 
the  ocean  in  December ! 

Coming  home  again  I  should  enjoy  stopping  at  Yellow  Stone 
Park.  It  would  be  lots  of  fun  to  camp  out,  and  to  ride  over 
the  prairies  on  frisky  ponies.  It  would  be  very  interesting  to 
notice  the  change  of  climate  as  we  got  farther  east,  and  to  go 
to  bed  on  the  train  one  evening  feeling  warm,  and  waking  up 
the  next  morning  feeling  very  chilly. 

I  am  afraid  by  the  time  I  would  get  home  a  thousand  dollars 
would  be  pretty  well  used  up ;  but  if  not  I  would  like  to  give 
a  party. 

5 

CRITICISM  ON  "  THE  TOMB  IN  THE  DESERT  " 

This  story  is  one  of  the  best  descriptive  stories  I  have  read 
in  the  Record  for  some  time.  It  might  be  lengthened  out  some- 
what more  with  a  paragraph  describing  the  cavern,  more  at 
length,  and  a  narration  of  what  happened  there. 

The  description  of  the  caravan  going  across  the  desert  is  fine, 
and  one  can  almost  imagine  himself  there. 

It  seems  as  if  another  character  might  have  been  brought  in 
to  advantage.  If  he  had  appeared  in  the  cavern  at  the  right 
moment,  a  three-cornered  plot  could  have  been  developed. 

The  sand-storm  appears  to  be  very  terrible,  one  of  the  worst, 
but  has  hardly  any  effect  on  the  rider  of  the  camel.  Most  of 
us  know  how  many  people  are  killed  in  sand-storms,  and  the 
camel  and  rider  crouch  down,  unable  to  bear  against  the  wind. 

The  ever-famous  mirage  is  brought  in  to  good  advantage,  in 
the  opposite  way  useally  expected. 

6 

A  HOUSE  ON  FIRED 

A  house  took  on  Fired  because  a  child  was  playing  with 
matches  in  the  hay  loft.  And  it  began  to  burn.  And  the  child 
was  fright  and  stop  short.  And  a  monkey  passing  by  saw  the 
child.  He  climb  up.  And  he  took  the  child  by  the  hand  and 
through  her  out  of  the  window.     The  parents  reward.     The 


Set  J  73 

monkey  by  given  him  some  nuts  and  peanuts.  And  the  child 
keep  the  monkey  for  her  pet.  And  she  took  care  of  him.  And 
she  took  him  to  bed  with  her.  And  when  the  monkey  took  a 
bath  she  would  put  a  ribbon  on  his  nect.  And  they  lived  happy 
together.     All  their  lives. 

7 

If  some  one  should  give  me  a  thousand  dollars  to  spend  during 
the  Christmas  holidays,  I  would  do  as  much  as  possible  for  the 
poor.  I  would  go  to  a  dry  goods  store  and  buy  a  lot  of  warm 
clothing  and  distribute  it  among  the  poor  people,  who  I  knew 
were  in  need  of  it.  I  would  not  spend  more  than  half  of  it 
on  the  poor  for  I,  like  most  people,  would  want  some  for  my 
self.  I  would  by  all  the  things  that  I  needed.  Then  with  what 
was  left  of  the  money  I  would  do  things  for  my  friends  and 
relatives.  I  would  not  spend  the  money  foolishly  for  I  do  not 
believe  in  being  extravigant.  I  would  do  all  the  good  that  I 
could  do  with  it.  I  would  try  to  make  a  lot  of  poor  people 
happy,  so  that  even  if  they  had  not  had  a  happy  Christmas  they 
would  be  happy  in  the  Christmas  holidays. 

I  would  spend  the  money  in  this  way  rather  than  any  other 
because  I  believe  that  when  one  has  enough  to  spare  they  should 
do  all  that  they  could  for  the  poor  and  still  have  a  little  pleasure 
for  themselves. 

8 

If  I  were  given  a  thousand  dollars  to  spend  during  the  Christ- 
mas holidays,  I  would  spend  it  in  the  most  useful  way  possible. 
I  would  buy  all  of  my  relations  and  friends  nice  presents,  and 
if  I  had  any  money  left  I  would  give  it  some  poor  person,  or 
to  some  organization  which  would  see  that  some  poor  children 
(had  a)  would  get  toys  or  something  they  needed. 

I  would  give  my  mother  thirty  dollars,  of  (it)  the  one 
thousand,  and  let  her  buy  whatever  she  pleased  with  it.  I 
would  also  give  my  father  thirty  dollars  and  let  him  buy  what- 
ever he  pleased  with  it.  I  would  buy  my  brother  a  punching- 
bag  and  a  basket-ball  for  his  pleasure,  while  fore  something 
that  is  useful,  I  would  buy  him  a  new  overcoat  and  hat.  I 
would  not  know  what  to  buy  my  aunt,  so  I  would  give  her  ten 
dollars.  I  do  not  know  what  I  would  buy  my  other  relations, 
so  I  would  have  to  give  them  money.  I  have  a  friend  to  whom 
I  would  give  a  box  of  beautiful  handerchiefs  and  a  bottle  of 
perfume. 

9 

Oh  that  I  had  never  heard  of  Niagara  till  I  beheld  it !  Blessed 
were  the  wanderers  of  old,  who  heard  its  deep  roar,  sounding 
through  the   woods,  as  the  summons  to  an  unknown  wonder, 


Common  Sense  75 

and  approached  its  awful  brink,  in  all  the  freshness  of  native 
feeling.  Had  its  own  mysterious  voice  been  the  first  to  warn 
me  of  its  existence,  then,  indeed,  I  might  have  knelt  down  and 
worshipped.  But  I  had  come  thither,  haunted  with  a  vision  of 
foam  and  fury,  and  dizzy  cliffs,  and  an  ocean  tumbling  down 
out  of  the  sky — a  scene,  in  short,  which  nature  had  too  much 
good  taste  and  calm  simplicity  to  realize.  My  mind  had  strug- 
gled to  adapt  these  false  conceptions  to  the  reality,  and  finding 
the  effort  vain,  a  wretched  sense  of  disappointment  weighed 
me  down.  I  climbed  the  precipice,  and  threw  myself  on  the 
earth  feeling  that  I  was  unworthy  to  look  at  the  Great  Falls, 
and  careless  about  beholding  them  again. 

10 

THE  FIRE 

There  is  a  house  on  High  St.  It  belongs  to  Mrs.  Jones.  One 
night  they  went  to  a  show.  And  left  the  candle  burning  in  the 
child's  bed  room.  As  the  child  was  about  to  close  the  window. 
He  saw  a  monkey  that  had  excaped  from  the  circus.  It  was  a 
tamed  monkey.  He  came  right  up  to  the  window  and  licked 
the  boy's  hand.  While  the  boy  was  asleep.  The  wind  blew  the 
kerten  against  the  candle.  As  the  kerten  was  blazing.  The 
monkey  saw  this.  As  it  was  burning  higher.  The  monkey  ran 
to  the  front  window.  He  saw  the  the  circus  man  looking  for 
him.  He  scratched  on  the  window.  The  circus  man  seeing 
this.  He  ran  up  to  the  house.  As  he  was  about  to  catch  the 
monkey.  He  saw  a  blaze  in  the  bed  room.  Then  he  ran  to  the 
bed  and  took  hold  of  the  child  and  ran  out  of  the  blazing  house 
with   him. 

When  the  parents  came  home  they  saw  the  house  burned 
down.  Every  body  in  the  neighbor  hood  said  that  the  monkey 
saved  the  child.  When  the  parents  herd  this.  They  gave  the 
circus  man  a  lot  of  money  for  setting  the  monkey  free. 

22 

COMMON  SENSE 

Paine,  the  author  of  Common  Sense  was  man  well  fitted  to 
write  such  a  work.  In  England  he  lived  the  life  of  an  Insur- 
gent. He  arrived  at  the  critical  moment  in  America  just  in 
time  to  help  out  the  Revolution  by  his  pamphlet. 

About  1776  his  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense "  appeared.  It 
was  written  in  such  a  way  as  to  express  the  ideas  of  the  people. 
Ideas  that  thousands  had  had  but  could  not  express.  It  told  of 
the  absurdity  of  America's  dependence  on  England.     It  made 


Common  Sense  yj 

clear  that  a  government  that  was  thousands  of  miles  away 
could  never  be  efficient. 

Its  influence  was  felt  immediately.  Hundreds  of  copies  were 
sold  at  home  and  it  was  translated  in  the  language  of  all  coun- 
tries sympathizing  with  the  colonies.  Many  states  were  led  to 
declare  themself  for  independence  and  many  people  changed 
from  Tory  to  Whig  by  reading  "  Common  Sense." 

There  the  many  opinions  as  to  who  was  the  author  of  this 
wonderful  paper.  Many  thought  it  was  Franklin,  many  John 
Adams  and  many  Samuel  Adams. 

24 

COMMON  SENSE 

Paine,  the  author  of  "  Common  Sense  "  was  an  Englishman 
who  was  not  successful  in  his  work  in  England.  Therefore 
he  wished  to  go  to  America.  Dr.  Franklin  gave  him  an  intro- 
ductory letter  to  a  friend  of  his  in  America  asking  this  friend 
to  give  him  a  position  in  a  school  or  make  him  an  assistant 
surgeon.  This,  however,  did  not  appeal  to  Paine.  He  took  to 
writing  and  wrote  several  good  articles  for  the  "  Philadelphia 
Pennsylvania   Magazine." 

After  he  had  been  writing  for  some  time  a  new  pamphlet 
called  "  Common  Sense  "  came  out.  This  paper  contained  bold 
opinions  concerning  independence  and  statutes.  One  of  them 
was  that  it  was  ridiculous  for  America  to  be  dependent  on 
England,  a  country  so  far  away,  a  country  knowing  so  little 
about  America.  Thousands  of  these  pamphlets  were  sold  abroad 
as  well  as  in  America,  and  its  influence  spread  abroad  as  well 
as  at  home.  Thousands  of  tories  were  changed  to  Whigs  for 
the  arguments  stated  in  "  Common  Sense "  were  strong  and 
could  not  be  denied  by  intelligent  people. 

The  authorship  of  "  Common  Sense  "  was  attributed  to  many 
distinguished  men  such  as  the  Prince  of  Wales,  Dr.  Franklin, 
Samuel  and  John  Adams.  Finally  Paine  was  disclosed  as  the 
writer  and  he  was  criticized  by  John  Adams  but  with  little  effect, 
the  former  gained  a  reputation  but  did  not  become  wealthy 
altho'  he  might  have 

25 

AN  ACCOUNT  OF  THE  PAMPHLET  "  COMMON 
SENSE" 

Paine  came  to  America  at  the  time  of  the  Pennsylvania  Revo- 
lution. He  had  an  introduction  to  Franklin  who  was  pleased 
with  his  appearance.  Before  coming  here  he  had  separated 
from  his  wife,  had  lost  his  position  in  England  on  account  of 


Common  Sense  79 

his  ideas  regarding  internal  revenue,  and  was  harshly  criticized 
on  account  of  his  political  views. 

He  tried  to  prove  to  the  colonies  the  absurdity  of  being  under 
English  government  on  account  of  the  great  distance,  and  on 
account  this  the  long  time  taken  for  communication. 

He  published  "  Common  Sense "  in  1876,  and  its  popularity 
was  due  to  the  following  things  he  wrote  about. 

The  ill  treatment  of  animals — 

Condemnation  of  dueling. 
"  "    slavery 

"  "    hereditary  privileges  and  of  religious  intol- 

erance. The  pamphlet  showed  that  Paine  had  familiarity  with 
public  transactions  and  opinions,  and  he  expressed  the  thoughts 
of  the  people.  The  book  had  a  great  influence  on  all  the  colonies, 
and  it  was  widely  read  and  criticized  abroad.  In  France  and 
England  the  authorship  was  attributed  to  Franklin  and  Adams. 
It  was  known  in  1876  that  Paine  was  the  author. 

By  its  publication  he  gained  celebrity,  and  satisfaction  in 
expressing  his  opinions,  but  the  amount  of  money  he  received 
was  very  little. 

26 

COMMON  SENSE 

The  book  of  Common  Sense  discusses  the  relation  of  England 
to  the  colonies.  The  commerce  between  the  two  countries  was 
of  absolutely  no  use  as  trade  could  have  been  kept  up  with  the 
European  countries  to  just  as  great  an  extent.  America  was  at 
a  great  inconvenience  by  being  under  the  control  of  a  country 
thousands  of  miles  away.  She  knew  nothing  of  the  affairs  being 
carried  on  in  England  and  every  time  a  small  matter  came  up 
the  people  of  the  colonies  would  spend  months  to  settle  the 
dispute. 

This  pamphlet  was  printed  by  the  thousands  and  was  in  the 
hands  of  everyone.  It  influenced  to  people  to  fight  for  their 
independence.  The  pamphlet  was  translated  into  the  language 
of  every  country  that  was  interested  in  the  Republic.  More 
copies  were  sold  in  France  than  in  America. 

28 

Paine  came  to  Philadelphia  from  England  with  a  letter  of 
introduction  from  Franklin.  Paine  had  lost  his  position  in  Eng- 
land, separated  from  his  wife  and  utterly  ruined  his  career  by 
his  very  frank  speechers. 

Franklin  has  thought  that  Paine  would  become  a  teacher, 
surgeon  or  an  usher  in  a  school  instead  of  this  Paine  stuck  to 


Common  Sense  81 

a  literary  career.     He  published  a  newspaper  in  which  he  wrote 
against  slavery,  religion  and  the  like. 

Soon  there  appeared  a  pamphlet  called  Common  Sense.  This 
had  many  merits  and  its  arguments  for  America  were  very 
forsiable  forciable.  It  told  how  America  would  have  a  very 
large  commerce  and  be  very  prosperous  if  no  other  country 
would  interfere.  Many  copies  of  this  paper  were  sold  in  America 
and  printed  in  the  languages  of  other  countries.  Common  Sense 
was  a  very  successful  paper.  The  colonists  began  to  take  a  new 
view  toward  Independence.  Many  noted  people  read  the  pamph- 
let including  the  Prince  of  Wales  and  Adams  read  it  and  was 
induced  to  read  other  papers  from  this.  Common  Sense  led 
him  to  write  against  the  Tories.  There  was  much  dispute  over 
the  author  but  Paine  was  finally  found  out. 

53 

Paine  advocated  in  his  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense  "  that  it  as 
absurd  to  have  to  send  two  or  three  thousand  miles  with  some 
petition  which  would  be  held  perhaps  four  or  five  months  for 
an  answer.  In  addition  to  this  when  it  did  return  it  took  five 
or  six  more  month  for  explanation.  He  claimed  that  in  a  few 
years  this  would  be  abandoned  as  folly  and  childishness. 

This  pamphlet  had  great  effect  on  the  people  of  the  time. 
It  was  read  every  where  and  translated  into  different  languages. 
It  has  many  printings  in  the  colonies  which  was  unusual  as 
there  were  few  printing-houses. 

Its  effect  on  the  people  of  New  York  was  very  marked  and 
many  became  supporters  of  Independence.  It  was  widely  read 
all  over  the  states,  and  many  private  as  Mrs.  John  Adams,  and 
Lee  and  it  even  was  reported  that  the  Prince  of  Wales  was 
found  reading  it. 

54 

COMMON  SENSE 

The  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense "  is  an  article  written  by 
Thomas  Paine  at  the  time  the  colonies  were  considering  separa- 
tion from  England.  Paine  was  a  free  thinker,  a  radical  thinker 
for  his  time. 

In  this  article  he  showed  the  futility  of  the  Colonists  clinging 
to  England.  They  were  so  far  away  that  messages  to  them 
had  to  be  waited  for  over  a  month.  When  the  messages  were 
received  the  colonists  often  did  not  know  how  to  interpret  them. 
Such  proceeedings  he  claimed  were  unjust. 

This  article  was  printed  and  reprinted.  Thousands  of  copies 
were  sold  at  home  and  abroad.     Many  southerners  were  made 


Common  Sense  83 

to  feel  the  sense  sanity?  in  separating  from  their  mother 
country.  New  Englanders  were  friends  in  their  resolution  than 
ever.  Abroad  the  effect  was  much  the  same.  Frenchmen,  espe- 
cially, saw  the  view  point  of  the  colonists — they  sympathized 
with  them. 

For  a  long  time  no  one  knew  Paine  was  the  author  of  the 
articles  n  many  people  supposed  it  to  be  Franklin,  others  felt 
it  was  Adams.  They  knew  him  to  be  an  ardent  worker  for 
independence.  When  the  real  author  was  discovered  he  received 
very  little  praise.  In  fact  he  had  mostly  blame.  As  to  making 
a  fortune  out  of  this  or  other  writings  that  did  not  seem  to 
occur  to  him.     He  died  practically  penniless. 


55 

COMMON  SENSE 

Thomas  Paine  the  author  of  this  pamphlet  was  an  English- 
man who  was  well  thought  of  in  his  own  country  on  account 
of  his  free  views  relating  to  revenue.  At  the  height  of  his  un- 
popularity there  he  met  Dr.  Franklin  of  America  who  gave  him 
letters  of  introduction  to  friends  in  Philadelphia  where  he 
emigrated  in  1774.  The  Pennsylvania  revolution  had  just  oc- 
curred and  there  was  in  all  the  colonies  the  right  condition 
which  paved  the  way  for  his  sentiments. 

His  first  articles  were  the  beginnings  of  the  Pennsylvania 
Magazine  and  in  January  '76  appeared  the  pamphlet  "  Common 
Sense  "  In  this  he  explained  why  the  colonies  should  be  inde- 
pendent, stating  their  great  distance  from  mother  country  and 
that  (it)  England  was  not  necessary  for  commercial  success  as 
they  could  find  ready  market  for  their  products  at  any  time  on 
the  Continent,  also  that  the  humiliated  station  in  which  England 
had  kept  the  colonies  had  long  been  outgrown 

The  sentiments  expressed  and  the  plain  style  of  writing  was 
a  key  to  popularity  both  in  America  and  all  Europe.  Con- 
temporary newspapers  reported  effect  on  people  from  Mass. 
to  Georgia  and  the  famous  men  of  the  clay,  George  Washington 
and  Chas.  Lee  were  influenced  by  it. 

There  were  many  disputes  and  notions  respecting  the  author- 
ship. Credit  was  given  to  Benj.  Franklin,  Samuel  Adams  & 
John  Adams.  The  latter  resented  this  fact  very  much  as  he 
much  disliked  Paine-  The  real  author  was  known  in  the  sum- 
mer (to  be  Pai.)  of  the  same  year.  During  the  summer  of  the 
same  year  the  real  author  was  known  to  be  Paine  but  all  at- 
tempts of  Tory  writers  to  refute  him  added  to  his  reputation 


Common  Sense  85 

56 

COMMON  SENSE 

Paine,  the  author  of  "  Common  Sense  ",  was  especially  fitted 
for  his  work.  In  England,  he  had  been  known  as  an  insurgent. 
He  arrived  in  America  just  the  right  time  for  his  "  Common 
Sense "  to  produce  the  greatest  affect.  He  was  entirely  in 
sympathy  with  the  views  of  the  people.  Besides  this  he  had 
literary  ability  as  seen  in  the  successful  edition  of  a  magazine 
upon  his  arrival  to  America. 

"  Common  Sense  "  appeared  in  1776.  It  showed  a  knowledge 
of  public  transactions  and  how  very  broadminded  the  author 
was.  Pain  declared  that  America  would  flourish  better  without 
European  influence,  that  the  Articles  of  Commerce  were  a  neces- 
sity and  that  America  suffered  from  English  connections.  The 
pamphlet  was  influential  in  converting  people  to  the  idea  of 
Independence.  It  was  widely  read.  To  get  an  idea  of  its 
extreme  popularity  one  need,  but  be  told  that  Samuel  Adams, 
the  literary  gladiator  was  credited  with  its  authorship. 

57 

COMMON  SENSE 

This  pamphlet  on  "  Common  Sense  "  was  an  argument  against 
absolute  monarchy.  It  was  in  favor  of  congenial  opportunity  of 
intellectual  expansion.  It  dealt  with  the  expression  of  the 
thoughts,  emotions  and  ideas  of  the  people.  The  author  in  this 
pamphlet  saw  into  the  depths  of  human  nature.  Its  nature 
appealed  to  the  people  and  a  copy  could  be  found  in  every 
American  home.  It  became  widespread  and  was  translated  in 
many  languages.  This  was  remarkable  because  it  showed 
European  interest  in  American  affairs.  It  added  heat  in  the 
Colonies  to  the  fire  of  patriotism. 

58 

THE    PAMPHLET— "  COMMON    SENSE" 

Just  at  the  outbreak  of  the  American  Revolution,  Thomas 
Paine,  a  brilliant  young  writer  of  England  came  to  America. 
He  left  his  native  land  because  his  bold  outspoken  champion- 
ship of  unpopular  reforms  caused  him  to  be  obnoxious  to 
English  officials.  Under  the  patronage  of  Benjamin  Franklin, 
he  became  a  writer  for  the  Pennsylvania  Magazine,  and  then 
inspired  by  the  rising  tide  of  desire  for  independence,  he  became 
himself  a  mighty  influence  in  bringing  freedom  to  the  American 
colonies  by  writing  the  pamphlet — "  Common  Sense." 


Common  Sense  87 

He  showed  the  people  that  independence  was  necessary,  de- 
sirable, inevitable ;  that  present  conditions  were  absurd,  childish, 
humiliating ;  that  appeal  to  arms  was  the  only  solution ;  and 
that  with  the  guns  at  Lexington  had  begun  a  new  era  in  politics. 

The  pamphlet  was  instantly  successful,  read  by  thousands  in 
all  the  colonies,  turned  Tories  to  Whigs  and  was  praised  by  the 
leaders  of  the  Revolution  and  a  source  of  strength  to  them. 

Its  authorship  at  first  was  ascribed  to  others,  Ben  Franklin 
and  the  two  Adamses.  Attempts  to  refute  is  arguments  were 
unavailing. 

Paine  had  no  financial  recompense,  but  achieved  celebrity, 
and  had  no  small  contentment  in  the  realization  of  his  service 
to  his  fellowmen. 

59 

COMMON  SENSE 

Paine,  the  author  of  "  Common  Sense  '  left  his  career  and 
wife  in  England  and  came  to  America.  He  engaged  himself  to 
the  press  work  and  became  an  editor  of  magazine.  Through  his 
writings  he  advocated  many  things  that  are  essential  to  a  true 
civilization  such  topics  as  the  international  arbitrary  copyright; 
justice  of  women  and  so  on. 

His  pamphlet  called  '  Common  Sense  '  appeared  in  January 
1776.  He  wrote  what  the  people  thought  for  he  had  kept  close 
with  the  opinion  and  sentiment  of  the  people.  The  '  Common 
Sense '  was  rather  a  political  controversy.  It  advocated  that  it 
was  absurd  for  the  British  government  to  rule  America  when 
communications  were  inadequate  which  resulting  again  and  again 
the  misunderstanding  of  the  two  countries. 

The  pamphlet  becames  famous  in  home  and  abroad.  The 
content  of  the  pamphlet  was  found  in  many  private  letters  of 
the  people  of  those  days. 

60 

Paine's  pamphlet  on  "  Common  Sense "  was  to  promote  a 
feeling  of  Independence  among  the  American  colonies.  Al- 
though an  Englishman,  Paine  spent  most  of  his  time  in  America, 
until  finally  he  became  more  American  than  English. 

He  held  very  positive  ideas  about  certain  conditions  then 
prevailing,  especially  on  religion  and  divorce.  He  believed  in 
getting  at  the  bottom  of  large  undertakings  and  by  working  on 
or  with  the  sympathies  of  human  nature,  so  as  to  develop  popular 
opinion.  His  one  great  cry  was  for  Independence.  He  wanted 
America  to  become  free  from  England's  rule  and  to  look  after 
herself  and  her  people.  He  thought  it  the  duty  of  every  country, 
to  promote  the  welfare  of  its  own  people  and  to  involve  itself 


Common  Sense  89 

into   deep  problems   and  public  transactions,  only  as  it  would 
benefit  that  country  as  a  whole. 

His  work  was  accepted  by  all  countries  and  it  swayed  the 
passions  of  them  all.  People  began  to  see  that  there  was  more 
business  to  attend  to  in  one's  own  country  than  dawdling  in  the 
affairs  of  others. 

61 

Thomas  Paine  came  to  America  just  at  the  time  most  advan- 
tageous for  the  work  he  accomplished.  His  career  in  England 
had  been  wrecked  from  the  fact  that  people  there  were  not  able 
to  speak  out  and  tell  what  they  thot  without  getting  into  trouble. 
So  he  came  to  Philadelphia  with  a  letter  of  introduction  from 
Dr.  Franklin,  who  asked  his  friends  to  give  Paine  a  position, 
but  instead  of  accepting  any  position  Paine  turned  his  energy 
toward  literature.  For  a  while  he  published  the  Pennsylvania 
Magazine  which  was  an  increasing  success  and  in  which  he 
often  defending  most  unpopular  principles.  He  then  Jan.  1776 
published  the  pamphlet,  "  Common  Sense  ",  This  pamphlet  was 
read  everywhere,  and  was  reprinted  with  surprising  rapidity. 
He  set  forth  in  this,  the  disadvantages  of  of  any  European 
interference  with  America.  Also  the  disadvantage  of  America's 
subjection  to  England  and  said  that  the  time  for  it  to  cease 
was  when  the  first  shots  had  been  fired  at  Lexington.  The 
spread  and  influence  of  this  pamphlet  was  enormous  and  it 
turned  thousands  to  independence  and  worked  wonders  in  many 
of  the  states  where  Tories  were  turned  to  the  Whig  party  by 
the  influence  of  this  pamphlet.  The  authorship  was  very  much 
disputed,  many  famous  men  having  it  attributed  to  them,  among 
them  were  Dr.  Franklin,  Samuel  Adams  and  John  Adams. 
Finally  in  1766  it  became  known  that  Paine  was  the  author  and 
altho  he  was  very  much  criticized  by  John  Adams,  and  men 
tried  to  hurt  him  by  replies  to  his  pamphlet,  his  reputation  had 
been  made  and  was  unable  to  be  shaken.  However  the  only 
remuneration  Paine  received  from  his  book  was  the  celebrity 
and  the  fact  that  his  opinions  were  being  spread  and  appreciated 
by  the  people  of  the  country. 

62 

"  COMMON  SENSE  " 

In  England  the  people  were  not  allowed  to  express  their 
political  views,  if  they  were  against  the  way  in  which  that 
country  was  governed.  Thomas  Paine's  views  were  decidedly 
for  a  less  restrictive  government  and  he  did  express  them. 
Accordingly  he  fell  into  disrepute.  So  he  came  to  America, 
with  letters  of  introduction  from  Franklin.     Here,  the  Pennsyl- 


Common  Sense  91 

vania  Revolution  had  already  taken  place.  People  were  begin- 
ning to  allow  themselves  to  think  of  throwing  off  English  rule ; 
but,  none  dared  express  such  thoughts.  In  January  of  1776, 
a  pamphlet  called  "  Common  Sense  ",  was  published.  In  it  was 
advocated  what  the  colonists  were  beginning  to  desire,  freedom. 
The  author  boldly  declared  that  America  no  longer  needed  to 
remain  under  English  rule;  in  fact,  he  said,  the  colonies  would 
flourish  better  if  they  ruled  themselves.  The  thoughts  so  ex- 
pressed spread  throughout  the  colonies.  The  pamphlet  was 
read  everywhere,  at  home  as  well  as  abroad.  The  authorship  was 
attributed  to  many  prominent  men.  Innumerable  reputations 
were  made ;  but,  they  seemed  to  only  aid  the  popularity  of  the 
pamphlet.  Finally,  the  authorship  became  known  to  belong  to 
Paine. 

63 

"  COMMON  SENSE  " 

In  1774  Thomas  Paine  came  from  England  to  the  Colonies. 
Men  were  not  allowed  to  give  their  views  on  political  subjects 
in  England  even  if  they  were  regardless  of  the  financial  end 
of  doing  it.  Paine  was  very  revolutionary  in  spirit,  and  lost 
his  employment  on  acount  of  voicing  some  of  his  ideas.  He 
was  separated  from  his  wife,  and  his  life  was  nearly  ruined. 

Benjamin  Franklin  gave  him  introductions  to  his  friends  in 
America  asking  them  to  give  Paine  a  position  as  clerk  or  some- 
thing else.  But  Paine  took  up  literature  instead.  He  became 
editor  of  the  Pennsylvania  Magazine  finally. 

Then  in  1776  the  Common  Sense  Pamphlet  appeared  in 
Philadelphia.  It  wealt  with  questions  of  the  Colonies  relation  to 
England.  He  thought  that  it  was  to  the  Colonies  interest  to  be 
separated  from  England.  He  said  that  it  seemed  ridiculous  for 
America  to  send  to  England  for  advice  that  takes  four  months 
to  reach  there,  five  more  months  for  it  to  come  back,  &  then 
maybe  four  months  to  question  this  advice. 

It  had  a  wonderful  influence  in  all  the  States  &  France,  & 
converted  thousands  to  the  idea  of  Independence. 

For  a  long  time  the  author  of  these  pamphlets  was  unknown. 
Some  thought  that  Franklin,  Samuel  or  John  Adams  were  the 
authors.  Finally  Paine  became  know  as  the  originator  but  he 
gained  no  profit  from  them. 

64 

"  COMMON  SENSE  " 

The  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense  "  was  written  at  a  time  when 
the  Americans  were  feeling  dissatisfied  with  the  existing  con- 
ditions between  our  country  and  England.    There  was  a  feeling 


Common  Sense  93 

of  unrest  and  a  longing  for  liberty  and  independence.  This  feel- 
ing had  not  been  expressed  in  words  publicly  until  the  appear- 
ance of  this  pamphlet  whose  authorship  was  unknown  at  the 
time  of  its  first  publication.  "  Common  Sense  "  expressed  the 
thoughts  of  the  American  people ; — '  that  the  time  had  come 
when  America  should  no  longer  be  governed  by  England  or  any 
other  foreign  power  and  that  as  a  last  resort  arms  should  be 
used  to  free  our  country  and  make  it  independent '.  This  pamph- 
let was  read  by  all  men  both  at  home  and  abroad  and  its  influence 
was  instant,  extended  and  lasting.  Many  who  had  been  firm 
Tories  now  became  Whigs  by  the  influence  of  this  convincing 
"  Common  Sense." 

65 

"  COMMON  SENSE  " 

Paine  left  behind  him  in  England  a  reputation  that  was  not 
creditable  to  him.  His  career  was  ruined  and  his  home  broken 
up.  There  is,  however,  some  excuse  for  this ;  Paine  had  been 
living  in  a  country  in  which  the  minds  of  men  were  not  ad- 
vanced enough  to  grasp  novel  ideas.  When  Paine  came  to  the 
colonies  he  probably  saw  in  this  land  the  place  to  spread  his 
liberal  and  upright  thoughts. 

After  Paine  had  been  in  the  colonies  for  about  two  years 
(i774-'76),  a  pamphlet  called  "  Common  Sense  "  was  published. 
In  this  little  book  the  author  stated  that  it  was  folly  for  America 
to  be  bound  to  England.  He  said  that  the  colonies  would  flourish 
much  better  without  the  help  of  any  European  power.  The  ideas 
in  this  pamphlet  were,  indeed,  the  thoughts  that  existed  in 
almost  every  mind  during  that  period  but  Paine  happened  to 
be  the  daring  one  to  put  these  thoughts  into  words  and  let  them 
travel  all  through  the  colonies,  especially  the  pamphlet  worked 
wonders.     Many  people  were  won  for  the  colonies. 

The  author  of  the  book  was  not  known.  Abroad  and  at  home, 
people  thought  that  it  was  Franklin,  John  Adams  and  also 
Samuel  Adams.  Before  long  however  it  was  well-known  that 
Paine  had  been  the  author 

66 

ACCOUNT  OF  THE  PAMPHLET  "COMMON   SEN.SE " 

In  1776  a  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense  "  appeared  in  Philadel- 
phia. It  set  forth  views  on  the  subject  of  independence  in 
America  and  fired  the  patriotism  of  the  colonists  and  turned 
many  to  Independence  who  had  before  this  been  against  it.  The 
effect  of  this  paper  was  instantaneous  and  lasting.  It  was 
printed   in    foreign   languages   and   published   abroad.      Half   a 


Common  Sense  95 

million  was  sold  before  the  demand  ceased.  It  set  the  people 
thinking  and  the  time  and  place  were  most  fitting.  The  views 
set  forth  were  novel  and  convincing  and  in  every  way  proved 
the  title.  The  pamphlet  gained  influence  by  the  very  attacks 
which  were  made  against  it. 

Various  names  of  prominent  men  in  America  were  attributed 
as  the  author  of  "  Common  Sense."  In  1776,  late  in  the  summer, 
Paine  disclosed  the  authorship. 

67 

COMMON  SENSE 

I  have  not  read  the  article,  but  I  think  I  have  gathered  enough 
information  to  give  you  a  vague  idea  of  it. 

The  people  were  superstitious  before  Paine's  arrival  and 
strongly  adhered  to  custom.  When  Paine  arrived,  he  was  not 
given  much  of  a  reception  or  rather  Paine's  history  in  England 
caused  a  commotion,  and  he  emigrated  to  this  country.  He  was 
recognized  as  an  insurgent  here  as  well  as  in  England. 

The  appearance  of  Paine's  pamphlet  caused  a  stir.  The  ex- 
pressions were  taken  from  eminent  writers,  but  they  adhered 
to  no  laws  or  statutes.  The  critics  analyzed  the  pamphlet,  and 
found  much  to  comment  on.  It  had  an  immediate  and  wide 
influence  not  only  upon  the  peoples  here,  but  also  upon  the 
people  in  distant  countries. 

At  the  beginning  the  author  was  unknown,  but  it  was  very 
soon  discovered  who  the  author  was.  He  had  some  relations 
with  John  Adams. 

68 

AN  ACCOUNT  OF  "  COMMON  "  SENSE 

"  Tom  "  Paine  came  to  America  from  England  in  1774,  just 
at  the  time  when  the  American  colonies  were  considering  the 
absurdity  of  being  governed  by  a  nation  across  the  seas.  The 
time  was  ripe  for  the  writings  of  a  man  of  Paines  stamp.  Con- 
servative England  had  rejected  him  and  his  writings.  He  came 
poor,  deserted  without  influencial  friends.  Franklin,  by  whom 
he  was  introduced,  seems  not  to  have  had  a  high  opinion  of  his 
ability.  He  was  brave,  honorable  and  had  a  fund  of  common 
sense  himself,  so  could  the  real  conditions  in  his  adopted 
country. 

His  writings  made  the  success  of  the  magazine,  of  which  he 
became  editor,  in  Philadelphia.  When  he  had  been  two  years 
in  the  country,  he  published  the  pamphlet,  "  Common  Sense  ", 
which  was  widely  read  at  home  and  abroad. 


Common  Sense  97 

69 

"  COMMON  SENSE  " 

At  the  time  when  the  American  Revolution  was  first  begin- 
ning to  break  out  a  pamphlet  was  issued  which  brought  the 
whole  matter  clearly  before  the  American  &  European  people. 
This  pamphlet  known  as  "  Common  Sense  "  showed  the  folly 
of  the  English  rule  over  America.  It  was  received  eagerly  by 
all  nations  and  was  published  in  large  quantities  in  Europe  & 
America.  It  sinfluence  was  immediate  and  lasting  and  few 
people  criticized  it  though  many  letters  of  praise  were  written 
by  distinguished  people. 

The  author  of  "  Common  Sense "  was  unknown  for  some 
time  and  many  people  were  mentioned  as  the  author.  Samuel 
Adams,  John  Adams  and  Franklin  were  all  much  talked  of  as 
author  of  this  widespread  pamphlet  but  after  about  six  months 
Paine  was  recognized  as  author  and  thereby  gained  great 
celebrity   and   renown  but  no  money. 

Paine  was  an  Englishman  who  was  little  known  in  England 
because  his  surroundings  did  not  allow  the  best  in  him  to  come 
out.  When  he  came  to  America,  however,  he  was  able  freely 
to  express  his  opinions  on  all  the  most  important  topics  of  the 
day  &  these  he  expressed  in  many  pamphlets,  the  most  famous 
of  which  was  "  Common  Sense  "  His  literature  was  good  and 
he  had  great  influence  over  the  people  but  he  produced  them 
very  cheaply  &  so  lost  rather  than  gained. 

This  pamphlet  was  destroyed  but  its  influence  has  lasted. 

70 

COMMON  SENSE 

An  Englishman  named  Paine  lost  his  employment  and  had 
his  career  ruined  by  some  of  his  too  frank  speeches.  He  emi- 
grated to  America  and  through  Franklin's  influence  had  his 
writings  published  and  finally  came  to  edite  the  "  Pennsylvania 
Magazine."  About  this  time  a  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense " 
was  published  and  widely  distribted.  The  phamphlet  had  many 
merits  and  its  arguments  were  forcible  and  glowing.  It  con- 
tained pleas  for  the  Independence  of  America  and  showed  that 
the  connection  with  England  was  not  only  unnecessary  but  in- 
convenient as  well. 

The  pamphlet  was  published  in  numberless  editions  and  was 
popular  in  France  and  other  European  countries  as  well  as 
America.  The  results  of  the  pamphlet  were  felt  throughout  the 
states  and  by  the  citizens.  It  was  the  means  of  changing  many 
to  a  desire  for  liberty. 


Common  Sense  99 

The  Author  did  not  at  once  announce  himself  and  there  was 
considerable  doubt  as  to  whom  he  was.  The  pamphlet  was 
ascribed  to  Franklin  to  John  Adams  and  to  Samuel  Adams. 
Gradually  it  became  generally  known  that  Paine  was  the  author 
and  a  few  protests  were  printed  against  the  pamphlet. 

Paine  gained  nothing  financially  by  the  pamphlet  but  he  did 
gain  a  hold  on  the  American  people  and  some  celebrity. 

71 

Just  before  the  revolution  here  in  America  Thomas  Paine, 
an  Englishman,  came  to  the  colonies  and  started  his  literary 
career  and  was  introduced  to  our  people  by  Franklin.  Paine's 
character  as  seen  in  England  was  not  a  success  and  he  labored 
under  non-congenial  intellectual  help.  In  England  he  could  not 
put  forth  his  ideas  without  being  severely  spoken  of.  Paine's 
character  here  in  America  proved  to  be  a  great  success.  His 
life  as  a  literary  man  was  well  developed  and  he  was  free  to 
express  himself  in  writing.  His  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense " 
came  out  at  this  time  and  was  received  both  in  the  colonies  and 
abroad   with   enthusiasm 

72 

"  COMMON  SENSE  " 

The  pamphlet  Common  Sense  "  was  published  in  Philadel- 
phia in  the  year  1776.  The  authorship  was  at  first  unknown 
but  whoever  he  was,  he  was  familiar  with  public  transaction, 
and  in  touch  with  popular  opinion.  The  author  was  criticized 
by  many.  Some  thought  him  ill  educated,  others  inexperienced. 
The  pamphlet  was  read  all  over  America  and  Europe  and  few 
who  read  were  not  convinced.  It  pointed  out  that  America 
would  flourish  if  cut  off  from  England,  that  America  had  re- 
ceived no  profit  from  English  connections  but  had  suffered 
indignities,  and  that  with  the  shots  fired  at  Lexington  time  had 
come  for  British  control  in  America  to  cease.  The  authorship 
was  attributed  to  many  prominent  men  at  that  time  and  lastly 
to  Paine. 

73 

AN  ACCOUNT  OF  THE  PAMPHLET  "  COMMON 
SENSE" 

Paine  was  considered  by  Franklin  to  be  a  "  worthy  young 
man."  He  therefore  gave  him  a  letter  of  introduction,  which 
acted  as  an  entering  wedge  into  the  affairs  of  Philadelphia.  He 
was  the  same  kind  of  man  in  the  new  world  as  in  the  old ;  he 


Common  Sense  101 

had  revolutionary  ideas  and  therefore  had  to  leave  England. 
He  arrived  in  America  at  exactly  the  right  time  for  the  further- 
ing of  American  independence.  He  became  an  editor  in  Phila- 
delphia and  accomplished  a  great  deal  of  work  in  18  months. 
His  paper  was  a  great  success,  despite  his  principles,  which  were 
very  peculiar  for  that  period.  In  his  paper  he  had  many  ad- 
vanced ideas,  the  following  are  some  of  them, — he  condemned 
duelling,  also  the  thoughtless  treatment  of  animals,  he  spoke 
against  negro  slavery  and  religious  intolerance  etc. 

In  Jan.  1776  the  pamphlet  "  Common  Sense  "  appeared,  this 
paper  gave  forcible  expression  to  the  thoughts  and  ideas  held 
by  thousands.  It  contained  such  things  as  public  transaction 
and  it  kept  in  touch  with  public  opinion.  It  had  a  great  influ- 
ence at  home  &  abroad  and  was  especially  read  in  Paris.  It 
turned  men's  minds  toward  independence,  a  thing  they  had 
never  dreamed  of  before  Wash  &  Lee  There  were  doubts,  at 
first  as  to  the  authorship,  John  &  Samuel  Adams  and  also 
Franklin  were  given  the  credit.  He  latter  had  trouble  with  the 
Tories  but  this  only  heightened  instead  of  lowered  his  reputa- 
tion. Though  he  could  of  been  a  rich  man  he  received  very 
little  money  reward  and  died  a  poor  man 

74 

PAMPHLET  "  COMMON  SENSE  " 

In  1776  a  pamphlet  entitled  "  Common  Sense  "  appeared.  The 
author  was  unknow,  however  he  didn't  try  to  guide  them  through 
the  financial  controversy  where  Burke  feared  to  tread.  He  was 
familiar  with  the  public  transactions  and  public  opinion  and 
put  in  words  that  which  was  in  many  persons  hearts.  He  saw 
into  the  depths  of  human  nature. 

He  pointed  out  in  his  pamphlet  how  absurd  the  connection 
with  England  was.  It  took  4  months  to  get  a  petition  there  and 
6  months  to  have  it  explained.  A  new  public  era  had  started 
the  new  way  of  thinking  was  what  he  thought. 

"  Common  Sense  "  was  widely  read  both  at  home  and  abroad. 
It  was  translated  into  language  of  those  who  felt  kindly  toward 
the  Republic.  It  turned  many  thousands  of  people  to  Inde- 
pendence in  New  York,  Maryland  Carolinas. 

The  authorship  was  doubted.  Some  thought  Dr.  Franklin 
was  the  author.  Others  thought  John  or  Samuel  Adams  but  in 
1776  it  was  found  that  Paine  was  the  author.  Tory  contempor- 
aries tried  to  refute  him  but  Pans  reputation  gained. 

Paine  received  nothing  but  celebrity  although  many  thought 
he  should  have  received  money. 


Common  Sense  103 

75 

COMMON  SENSE 

The  pamphlet  Common  Sense  was  written  by  Thomas  Paine 
who  came  to  Philadelphia  in  1776  from  England.  Thomas 
Paine's  reputation  was  not  at  all  good. 

The  pamphlet  expressed  the  public  opinion  of  every  day  by 
which  occurred  all  throughout  the  colonies  at  these  time.  Paine 
was  in  America's  favour  and  believed  that  if  America  should  be 
left  alone  she  would  become  an  independent  nation.  This 
pamphlet  became  very  popular  not  only  in  America  but  even 
abroad.     In  all  about  half  a  million  copies  were  issued. 

It  had  great  influence  on  New  York  and  on  Mrs.  John  Adams 
and  General  Charles  Lee  and  in  short  it  changed  the  minds  of 
many  people  through  out  the  Colonies. 

At  first  the  authorship  was  unknown.  It  was  thought  that 
Dr.  Franklin  wrote  it.  Next  the  honor  was  attributed  to  John 
Adams.     In  1776  it  was  discovered  that  Paine  had  written  it. 

Although  the  book  was  very  popular  and  was  in  great  de- 
mand ;  and  aroused  the  minds  of  many  Paine  received  no 
money  for  it. 

77 

"  COMMON  SENSE  " 

In  the  latter  end  of  1774,  Thomas  Paine  arrived  in  America. 
He  brought  with  him  a  recommendation  from  Dr.  Franklin.  In 
England  he  had  separated  from  his  wife ;  and  also  got  into 
trouble  because  he  expressed  his  political  views.  Soon  after  he 
arrived  in  America,  he  turned  his  attention  to  l'terature.  Within 
a  few  months  his  stirring  articles  had  made  the  "  Pennsylvania 
Magazine  "  very  popular.  His  greatest  work  was  "  Common 
Sense." 

The  pamphlet  was  written  in  behalf  of  the  American  colonies. 
It  advocated  independence,  and  explained  how  it  was  possible 
that  America  might  prosper  as  an  independent  nation.  Its  pur- 
pose was  to  make  the  men,  who  were  fighting,  thoroughly  ac- 
quainted with  their  cause.  It  had  wide-spread  influence  both 
in  the  colonies  and  in  Europe.  More  than  half  a  million  copies 
were  sold  in  the  colonies  alone.  It  aroused  the  spirit  of  patriot- 
ism and  turned  many  Tories  to  Whigs.  Parisians  believed  that 
it  was  more  widely  read  in  France  than  America.  It  was 
praised  by  Mrs.  John  Adams,  and  acknowledged  by  Gen.  Lee. 

Its  authorship  was  doubtful.  It  was  attributed  in  turn  to 
Dr.  Franklin,  to  John  and  Samuel  Adams,  and  it  was  not  until 
late  in  the  summer  of  1776  that  it  was  generally  known  that 
Paine  was  the  author.  His  reward  was  celebrity  and  con- 
sciousness of  power. 


Common  Sense  105 

78 

COMMON  SENSE 

Paine  came  to  the  American  colonies  with  a  letter  of  intro- 
duction from  Benjamin  Franklin.  He  was  of  not  a  very  moral 
man  in  England.  In  America  however  he  might  be  said  to 
have  reformed. 

He  entered  into  literary  work  and  gained  great  applause  from 
the  Americans.  In  1776  he  published  the  pamphlet  "  Common 
Sense." 

In  this  pamphlet  he  says  that  the  laws  of  commerce  govern- 
ing America  were  really  one  of  the  necissities  of  life.  He  also 
says  that  Americans  would  find  a  market  for  their  goods  as 
long  as  Europe  remained  an  eating  country.  He  emphasizes 
the  absurdity  of  the  colonies'  connection  with  England.  When- 
ever they  petitioned  the  mother  country  it  was  six  months  before 
they  received  an  answer  and  still  another  four  months  before 
the  answer  was  explained.  How  absurd  it  would  be  to  have 
all  the  Americans  flocking  to  the  sea  coast  every  time  a  boat 
landed.  This  connection  with  England,  in  truth,  was  an  in- 
convenience. There  had  been  a  time  for  such  conditions  it 
was  now  time  that  they  ceased  and  that  time  was  when  the 
first  shot  was  fired  at  Lexington.  Anns  were  the  only  means 
left  to  sever  this  connection. 

The  people  in  Europe  received  it  with  great  applause  and 
more  copies  were  sold  there  than  in  America. 

79 

COMMON  SENSE 

Paine  an  Englishman  came  to  America  after  the  Pennsylvania 
revolution  was  accomplished.  He  carried  with  him  a  letter  of 
introduction  from  England.  There  he  had  a  wrecked  career  and 
a  ruined  home.  He  had  been  separated  from  his  wife  and  dis- 
charged from  his  employment  because  of  his  being  outspoken 
in  the  interests  and  claims  of  the  excisemen.  There  there  was 
no  demand  for  his  views.  That  country  was  not  ready  for  a 
revolutionist  such  as  he. 

In  America  his  higher  qualities  were  called  out.  His  attention 
was  turned  to  literature.  He  became  the  editor  of  the  "  Penn- 
sylvania Magazine  "  and  achieved  great  success.  Here  again  he 
was  outspoken,  defending  unpopular  principles  and  stating  his 
own  convictions.  He  did  not  believe  in  duelling  or  slavery  but 
he  did  approve  of  international  arbitration.  These  things  he 
forcibly  expressed. 


Deephavcn  107 

in  January  1776  a  pamphlet  entitled  "  Common  Sense  "  ap- 
peared. It  was  evident  it  was  written  by  a  man  of  common 
sense.  It  convincingly  expressed  the  feelings  of  the  multitude. 
Its  author  saw  to  the  depths  of  human  nature,  that  people  would 
wish  to  fight  for  express  things  rather  than  vague  intangible  ones 
which  they  were  unable  to  express.  These  were  expressed  in 
the  pamphlet. 

It  stated  that  America  would  be  as  well  or  better  off  without 
European  intervention.  It  was  not  dependent  on  any  patroniz- 
ing of  Europe  for  commerce.  What  products  America  had  for 
sale  were  articles  necessary  for  life.  Europe  would  be  forced 
to  purchase  them.  It  was  absurd  and  humiliating  for  them  to 
submit  to  English  rule.  It  was  the  time  for  a  "  new  era  in 
politics." 

There  were  numberless  editions  and  reprints  of  the  work.  It 
was  pirated,  parodied,  imitated  and  translated.  Its  fitness  was 
a  cause  of  this 

32 

NEW  ENGLAND 

Deephaven  as  described  by  Sarah  Orne  Jewett  is  a  quiet  little 
fishing  village  of  New  England.  It  shows  no  signs  of  growth 
or  life  but  its  small  houses,  closed  up  tightly  present  an  old 
forlorn  appearance.  No  foreigners  inhabit  this  little  village 
except  a  few  stranded  sailors  who  have  drifted  in  bundled  up 
in  great  oil   skins   to   defy  the   weather. 

The  bleak  salt  marshes  surrounding  the  village  of  Deephaven 
have  nothing  to  break  their  level  expanse  except  stiff,  cold  cedar 
trees  which  give  no  shelter  but  which  grow  straight  up  from 
the  barren  soil. 

Now  and  then  a  fishing  boat  comes  in  or  some  fisherman  go 
through  the  town  on  fish  carts  to  sell  their  fish.  Perhaps  Deep- 
haven was  up  to  date  and  lively  at  one  time  but  now  it  has 
ceased  to  grow  larger  or  more  lively  and  has  sunk  back  into  a 
lifeless  rather  backward  village. 

In  winter  the  gardens  are  frozen  and  black  and  the  houses 
tight  closed  against  the  weather  and  except  for  perhaps  a  few 
pansies  which  have  outlived  their  neighbor  flowers  under  holly- 
hock stalks  the  places  is  barren,  bleak,  and  lifeless. 

34 

A  NEW  ENGLAND  TOWN 

The  main  highway  of  Deephaven  lead  through  marshy  land 
to  the  shore.  It  was  late  autumn  and  at  this  season  the  whole 
place  had  rather  a  deserted  look.     The  flatbottomed  boats  were 


Deephaven  109 

drawn  up  in  the  small  inlets  which  owing  to  the  frosty  nights 
were  covered  with  thin  ice. 

The  hills  back  of  the  marshes  were  covered  with  cedars  which 
were  not  large  enough  to  give  shade  in  summer  nor  shelter  in 
winter. 

In  many  respects  this  town  was  not  active  enough  to  be  a 
New  England  town.  There  were  no  factories  with  noisy  machin- 
ery and  the  sailors  were  idly  walking  up  and  down  the  road 
looking  at  the  sky  and  watching  the  weather  vanes.  Nobody 
was  in  a  hurry.  The  sea  looked  cold  and  rough  and  the  houses 
cold  and  cheerless.  The  flowers  in  the  gardens  were  black 
from  frost  except  a  few  pansies  which  were  sheltered  by  the 
stalks  of  the  larger  flowers. 

35 

DEEPHAVEN 

Deephaven  is  a  forlorn  and  quiet  little  seaside  town  in  New 
England.  As  we  walked  about  its  silent  streets,  even  the  houses 
seemed  asleep.  In  the  chill  November  air,  the  dry  grass  of  the 
near-by  marshes  crackled  faintly  and  drearily,  while  in  low 
places  the  shifting  ice  creaked  and  groaned.  Even  the  tall  cedar- 
trees  seemed  as  if  they  gave  neither  shade  in  summer  nor  shelter 
in  winter,  but  stood  uncompromisingly  stiff  and  straight,  as  if 
they  could  only  battle  against  the  wind  that  threatened  to  tear 
them  from  the  hills.  The  oak-trees  still  held  fast  to  their  dry 
leaves  which  made  a  mournful  rustle  as  the  wind  swept  through 
the  branches. 

The  lonely  landscape  reflected  the  desolate  life  of  the  dwellers 
in  Deephaven.  The  only  cheerful  in  the  picture  was  the  pres- 
ence of  a  few  brave  pansies  lifting  bright  faces  from  under  the 
shelter  of  some  tall  stalks  of  china-aster.  As  we  picked  the 
dainty  things  we  felt  a  touch  of  compassionate  tenderness  even 
for  Deephaven. 

36 

GLIMPSES  HERE  AND  THERE 

Deephaven  was  an  old  New  England  town  situated  on  the 
coast.  The  occupations  of  the  people  were  fishing  and  farming. 
This  little  town  seemed  to  be  going  back  instead  of  prospering. 
The  houses  seemed  to  be  shut  up  and  life  almost  seemed  dead. 
However  one  would  see  a  few  old  sailors  now  and  then  walking 
along  the  streets  with  faces  that  were  everything  but  cheery.  It 
was  very  cold  in  that  town  and  many  were  laid  up  with  rheu- 
matism. 


Deephaven  in 

38 

NEW  ENGLAND 

The  approach  to  Deephaven  was  a  road  leading  through  salt 
marshes,  which  stretched  towards  the  sea,  indented  in  places 
by  inlets.  Deephaven  itself  seemed  to  have  withdrawn  from 
the  rest  of  the  world,  it  was  so  bleak  and  lonely.  Once,  per- 
haps, it  had  been  a  prosperous  village,  trading  its  fish  to  inland 
villages  for  the  necessities,  and  for  some  of  the  comforts,  too, 
of  life;  but  now,  only  occasionally  a  fisherman  went  inland, 
and  an  outsider  never  came  to  Deephaven,  except  occassional 
stranded  sailors.  In  winter,  the  villagers  shut  their  houses 
tightly  against  the  cold  sea-winds ;  when  a  hardy  sailor  ven- 
tured forth,  he  bundled  himself  up  in  a  great  coat,  and  with 
his  hands  buried  deep  in  his  pockets,  walked  with  a  more  rolling 
gait  than  usual,  as  if  on  a  storm-tossed  ship.  Thin,  grey  ice 
covered  the  marshes  everywhere ;  the  trees  looked  bare  and 
gaunt,  except  the  oaks,  for  their  dried  and  withered  leaves  still 
clung  to  the  branches,  their  rustling  making  a  sound  more  dreary 
than  the  north-wind.  All  the  flowers  had  perished,  leaving  in 
their  stead,  black  skeletons. 

39 

Deephaven  was  a  little  seaside  town.  The  marshes  and 
streams  running  through  it  were  now  filled  with  a  grayish 
crached  ice.  In  the  distance  were  tall  rugged  peaks  that  almost 
looked  as  if  they  were  made  of  stone. 

Deephaven  had  once  been  a  rich  thriving  city ;  but  now  in 
the  dusk  of  a  cold  autumn  day  it  looked  forsaken.  One  large 
vessel  was  in  port  now  and  the  sailors  were  experiencing  the 
coldest  weather  they  had  ever  had.  They  rocked  from  side 
to  side  whenever  they  tried  to  walk.  They  all  felt  it  was  time 
to  put  on  their  sealskin  jackets. 

40 

Deephaven  was  a  small  New  England  town,  very  old  as  was 
seen  by  the  houses  and  surroundings.  The  main  occupation  of 
the  inhabitants  was  fishing  or  fish-selling.  The  men  were  either 
going  out  on  the  sea  for  fish  or  to  the  inland  to  sell  them. 
Except  for  the  few  sailors  coming  to  the  warvs  there  were  very 
few  visitors,  therefore  the  town   had  very  little  amusement. 

On  a  chill  morning  one  could  see  the  fishermen  putting  on 
their  old  thick  coats  and  caps  before  going  on  the  boats,  in 
order  to  protect  themselves  from  the  storms  which  would  arise 
while  the\r  were  at  sea. 


Deephaven  113 

In  some  gardens  could  be  seen  a  few  flowers  but  these  were 
turning  black  from  the  sharp  bits  of  frost.  The  trees  had  lost 
all  of  their  leaves  having  no  sheltering  limbs  and  the  bushes 
were  standing  leafless,  giving  one  an  impressing  of  cold  wintry 
weather  without  a  sign  of  summer. 

41 

Deephaven  had  probably  had  its  day,  but  at  the  time  when 
this  description  was  written  it  had  ceased  to  be  a  town  of  much 
consequence.  It  was  a  little  fishing  village  on  the  coast  of  New 
England. 

Gray  ice  lay  along  the  sand  and  flat-bottomed  row  boats  were 
strongly  anchored  to  the  shore  or  pushed  up  out  of  the  water. 
They  looked  old  and  dilapidated  as  if  they  might  never  be  used 
again.     Everything  about  the  place  seemed  musty  and  dead. 

The  once-used  warehouses  were  shut  up  and  fast  falling  to 
ruin  and  even  the  dwelling  houses  looked  as  if  no  one  lived 
in  them.  The  shutters  were  always  closed  and  a  light  seldom 
shone  from  the  window.  The  flower-beds  were  black  with  frost, 
the  trees  were  bare  no  grass  grew  anywhere. 

The  people  were  engaged  in  fishing  and  farming.  A  schooner 
sometimes  stopped  at  the  wharves  to  get  supplies  and  the  foreign 
sailors  were  the  only  strangers  that  ever  came  to  the  village. 
Few  people  were  seen  on  the  streets.  On  dreary  days  the  old 
sea  captains  appeared  in  their  ancient  great  coats  with  large 
flaps  and  big  horn  buttons.  The  place  and  its  inhabitants  seemed 
to  have  little  intercourse  with  the  world  and  its  progress. 

42 

Deephaven  is  a  small  New  England  town  on  the  sea-coast. 
Fishing-boats  are  anchored  here  and  there,  along  the  shore.  The 
season  of  the  year,  in  which  the  picture  is  drawn,  is  the  dreary 
winter  when  everything  appears  bleak  and  cold.  The  sun  itself 
gives  little  light  or  heat  to  the  few  shivering  people.  The  sur- 
rounding trees  are  bare  and  the  cold  blast  blowing  through  them 
gives  a  shrill  moan  which  seems  in  perfect  harmony  with  our 
visual  impression.  The  absence  of  snow  upon  the  branches  of 
the  trees  and  the  barren  earth  causes  the  scene  to  look  darker 
and  more  dreary  than  it  otherwise  would. 

43 

NEW  ENGLAND 

In  a  part  of  New  England  there  lies  a  remote  little  town 
called  Deep-haven.     Sarah  Jewett,  the  author,  happened  to  be 


Deephaven  115 

there  during  the  late  fall  months.    She  pictures  to  us  the  aspect 
of  the  town  as  seen  by  a  visitor  at  that  time  of  year. 

Deep-haven  is  situated  on  the  sea-coast.  A  great  many  of  its 
inhabitants  in  fact  the  majority,  are  sailors.  They  wear  old 
great-coats  and  big  warm  hats,  for  the  wind  does  not  hesitate 
to  sweep  over  that  little  town  so  near  the  sea.  The  day  that 
Sarah  Jewett  speaks  of  was  cold  and  bleak.  Most  of  the 
leaves  had  left  the  trees  and  the  remaining  ones  rustled  with 
a  chilling  sound.  A  biting  wind  was  sweeping  in  from  the  sea. 
A  few  sailors  walked  up  and  down  the  streets,  shaking  their 
heads  mournfully  as  if  to  say  that  the  weather  was  very  threat- 
ening. They  would  consult  the  thermometer  as  often  as  they 
did  each  other.  They  were  probably  thinking  of  some  friends 
or  sons  who  were  out  at  sea.  Nor  were  they  the  only  ones 
who  were  thinking  of  them.  The  wives  and  mothers  were 
silently  watching  and  waiting  for  their  return.  They  all  looked 
as  if  they  were  ready  to  go  in  their  houses  for  the  winter  as 
a  bear  goes  to  his  cave.  Everything  was  quite  desolate  and 
lonely.  The  picture  is  a  true  and  complete  one.  We  have  a 
fine  conception  of  a  typical  New  England  town  when  we  have 
finished  reading  Sarah  Jewett's  description  of  Deep-haven. 

44 

DEEPHAVEN 

We  cannot  imagine  at  the  present  time,  such  a  place  as  was 
Deephaven.  The  people  of  this  small  village  had  become  satis- 
fied to  remain  as  they  were. 

They  did  not  look  forward  to  what  was  coming  in  the 
future.     They  wished  to  remain  as  they  they  had  in  the  past. 

Deephaven  was  a  desolate  little  fishing  village.  Fishing  being 
about  the  only  occupation  that  the  people  had. 

45 

Deephaven  was  a  New  England  town  isolated  along  the  coast 
from  other  towns  which  might  exert  influence,  in  fact  the 
hamlet  was  truly  unAmerican.  In  former  years  Deephaven 
had  been  the  scene  of  many  industries  but  now  the  warehouses 
formerly  used  were  by  those  concerns  were  abandoned  which 
plainly  showed  the  town  was  going  back  instead  of  holding  its 
own  or  advancing.  The  only  strange  faces  were  those  of  an 
occasional  sailor  who  might  linger  in  the  town.  The  chief 
occupation  of  the  inhabitants  was  farming  and  fishing. 

And  the  chief  industries  was  the  sale  of  the  products  from 
the  two  occupations. 


Deephavcn  ny 

The  inhabitants  were  more  or  less  of  a  grouchy  despondent 
temperment  more  or  less  effected  with  rheumatics  as  age  crept 
on  them  and  when  fall  winds  began  to  blow  those  thus  affected 
generally  hibernated  so  to  speak.  Scarcely  any  one  would  be 
seen  on  the  streets  when  once  the  winter  season  set  in. 

46 

Deephaven  was  a  little  New  England  town  on  the  coast  which 
had  known  prosperous  and  enterprising  days.  But  this  time 
had  passed  and  in  the  autumn  of  the  year  we  find  it  in  the 
autumn  of  it's  life.  There  was  none  of  the  progress  of  most 
of  the  Eastern  cities  evinced  in  any  of  the  many  possible  ways. 
The  people  were  self  satisfied  farmers  for  the  most  part,  with 
an  occasional  sailor  drearily  awaiting  a  chance  to  escape  into 
the  great  living  world. 

The  buildings  were  all  old  and  many  were  deserted  and 
forlorn.  The  lawns  or  the  place  which  had  been  formerly  grassy 
slopes  were  overgrown  with  weeds  and  the  brave  attempts  at 
flowers  doubtless  had  relieved  the  bareness ;  but  now  the  winter 
winds  had  robbed  this  touch  of  beauty  and  there  remained  only 
blackened  skeletons  to  tell  the  story. 

47 

A  NEW  ENGLAND  TOWN 

Quiet  and  desolate  the  town  of  Deephafen  lay  off  the  coast 
of  New  England.  Some  boats  were  tied  to  the  habor ;  others 
dotted  here  and  there  at  a  distance.  The  occupation  of  the 
town  was  either  farmers  or  fisherfolk. 

Their  homes  were  all  shut  up  and  lonely  looking  and  old 
winter  had  killed  all  flowers  except  those  which  were  hardy 
enough  to  stand  his  touch. 

At  a  glance  everything  impressed  the  traveler  as  being  dead 
and  as  if  no  life  existed  there. 

The  town  was  asleep  wrapped  up  in  the  lap  of  the  green  hills 
of  New  England. 

49 

DEEPHAVEN 

Deephaven  is  a  small  country  town  situated  on  the  bleak, 
marshy  coast  of  New  England.  It  was  late  autumn,  and  it 
seemed  as  though  it  would  snow  at  any  moment.  The  land- 
scape dotted  with  marshes,  hay-ricks,  and  streams  looked  dreary. 
Just  behind  was  a  high  rocky  hill  which  was  covered  with  cedars. 
It  seemed  as  tho  they  meant  to  offer  neither  shade  in  summer. 
nor  protection  in  winter. 


Deephaven  119 

This  quaint  little  town  is  inhabited  principally  by  farmers 
and  fisherman.  There  were  no  industries  and  for  that  reason 
the  town  lacked  the  bustle  of  an  American  village.  The  few 
foreigners  in  the  village  were  sailors  who  roamed  about  the 
streets  waiting  for  their  time  to  depart. 

The  girls  grew  weary  of  the  dreary  landscape  and  agreed 
that  they  preferred  the  little  town  of  Deephaven.  Before  the 
house  were  flower-beds  which  were  covered  with  flowers  black- 
ened by  the  frost.  A  few,  however,  which  stood  beneath  taller 
flowers  escaped  the  fate  of  the  others.  The  girls  gathered  these 
and  pressed  them  between  the  leaves  of  a  book. 

50 

DEEPHAVEN 

Deephaven  is  a  little  seacoast  town  in  New  England.  It  is 
reached  by  following  a  lonely  road  edged  with  marsh  grass  that 
has  been  beaten  back  by  the  water  until  it  resembles  soft  brown 
fur.  A  few  flat  bottomed  boats  are  found  stranded  here  and 
there.  Tall,  rigid  cedars  wave  in  the  wind  but  they  cannot 
blow  over  because  their  roots  are  like  wires  reaching  far  down 
into  the  ground. 

Arriving  at  Deephaven  you  find  a  quiet,  dismal  town.  No  one 
is  loitering  on  the  wharves.  They  do  not  even  venture  out  when 
wrapped  in  ancient  rubber  coats  with  large  flaps  and  horn  but- 
tons. Some  are  victims  to  rheumatism  and  must  stay  in  from 
necessity. 

As  you  walk  quickly  through  the  street  you  notice  the  flower 
stalks  are  black  and  frozen,  the  buildings  are  old  old  and 
weatherbeaten  and  probably  haven't  been  painted  for  many 
years. 

51 

DEEPHAVEN 

The  New  England  sea-coast  town  of  Deephaven  as  described 
by  Sarah  Orne  Jewett  impresses  one  most  with  its  extreme 
desolation.  It  seems  not  only  to  have  stopped  in  growth  but 
is  even  beginning  to  go  back.  The  people  are  sailors  or  farmers 
and  the  only  strangers  in  the  village  are  a  few  sailors  who  seem 
to  be  stranded  there. 

The  wind  sweeps  over  the  sand  and  marsh  grass  on  the  shore 
and  behind  the  town  are  gray  hills  that  seem  to  be  made  entirely 
of  stone.  Just  a  few  struggling  shrubs  grow  on  them.  The 
entire  setting  is  forlorn  and  the  village  itself  seems  desolate  and 
without  life. 


Decphavcn  121 

52 

NEW  ENGLAND 

The  road  to  Deephaven  was  cold  and  lonely  like  the  town 
itself.  The  marshes  bordering  the  road  were  filled  with  large 
grey  pieces  of  ice,  which  were  gradually  being  broken  up  by 
the  outgoing  tide.  The  brownish  marsh-grass  had  a  cold  wind- 
swept appearance.  One  could  hardly  make  themselves  believe 
that  summer  ever  was,  or  ever  would  be  in  this  dreary  cold 
waste  of  land. 

The  town,  because  of  the  great  lack  of  excitement,  seemed 
more  English  than  American.  There  were  no  factories,  or  the 
noise  and  excitement  that  generally  goes  with  them.  A  few 
stranded  sailors  seemed  to  be  the  only  foreigners.  All  the  men 
seemed  to  be  farmers,  a  business  man  was  past  comprehension 
in  this  little  town.  Down  at  the  wharves  there  were  few  sailors 
present.  Some  were  indoors  with  rheumatism  and  those  who 
were  out  wore  extremely  heavy  coats  buttoned  up  close  to  their 
throats.  The  people  came  down  to  the  wharf  arm  in  arm, 
thinking  that  two  would  be  a  better  protection  against  the  cold 
and  wind  than  one.  Upon  leaving  the  little  town  one  could 
not  help  but  like  it  for  its  absolute  lack  of  excitement  and  noise. 

142 

THE  TUBERCULOSIS  EXHIBIT 

The  Tuberculosis  Exhibit  at  the  Museum  of  Natural  History 
is  very  instructive,  and  ought  to  be  seen  by  everyone.  The 
exhibit  occupies  almost  the  entire  basement  of  the  museum. 

The  object  of  this  exhibit  is  to  show  people  how  dangerous 
this  disease  is,  and  how  widely  it  has  spread  during  the  last 
few  years,  and  also  how  to  guard  ourselves  against  it. 

A  healthy  person  cannot  contract  tuberculosis,  and  we  should 
keep  ourselves  in  good  condition  by  keeping  in  the  open  air,  by 
not  getting  overtired,  and  by  eating  the  right  kind  of  food.  If 
the  disease  is  contracted,  while  a  doctor's  advice  is  necessary, 
air,  rest,  and  food  are  more  important  factors  toward  getting 
well,  than  taking  medicine. 

The  percentage  of  deaths  from  tuberculosis  is  more  than  that 
from  any  other  disease,  and  each  year  the  death-rate  is  increas- 
ing. This  shows  that  something  must  be  done  to  prevent  the 
disease  from  spreading  further. 

Eleven  special  tuberculosis  clinics  have  been  established  in 
this  this  city,  where  patients  are  looked  after  without  any  charge. 
There   are    also   trained-nurses,   who   visit   the   patients'   homes, 


Deephavcn  123 

look  after  them,  and  teach  the   families  how  to  guard  them- 
selves   from   contracting  the  disease. 

The  photographs  and  reading  matter  at  the  exhibit  show  what 
a  great  movement  is  taking  place  to  try  to  stop  the  increase  of 
this  disease. 

144 

CAKE  MAKING   (WITH  BUTTER) 

Accurate  measuring  is  of  the  greatest  importance  in  cake- 
making.  People  who  measure  by  sight  "  a  dab  of  this  "  and 
a  "  little  flour  "  hardly  ever  are  successful.  Too  much  sugar 
will  cause  it  to  fall,  and  too  much  flour  will  make  a  cake  stiff 
and  tough,  so  the  best  way  to  do  is  to  have  everything  meas- 
ured out  exactly  before  you  begin  to  mix  the  ingrediants.  The 
pan  should  be  greased  with  lard  beforehand,  and  a  greased  paper 
cut  the  size  of  the  bottom  put  inside.  Sift  the  sugar  if  it  is 
coarse,  and  beat  the  yolks  of  the  eggs  if  they  are  to  be  used. 
The  whites  are  beaten,  now,  to  a  very  stiff  froth. 

First,  cream  the  butter,  sugar,  and  eggs.  These  should  be 
stirred  until  the  mixture  is  soft  enough  to  drop  from  the  spoon 
and  is  light  and  flaky.  If  the  butter  is  too  hard  a  little  milk 
is  added;  it  is  apt  to  be  hard  in  case  the  eggs  yolks  are  not 
used.  Then  the  flour  and  milk  are  put  in  a  little  at  a  time,  but 
do  not  add  all  the  flour  until  you  are  certain  the  dough  wont 
be  too  thick  when  the  eggs  are  in.  Add  the  baking  powder, 
well  sifted,  with  the  last  bit  of  flour.  The  fruit  or  nuts,  well 
dusted  with  flour,  or  spices  may  be  put  in  now,  if  they  are 
desired. 

The  method  of  mixing  the  eggs  in  has  a  great  deal  to  do 
with  the  lightness  of  the  cake.  See  whether  they  are  still  stiff, 
and  then  pour  on  top  of  the  dough.  Fold  them  in  slowly,  being 
careful  not  to  mash  them  in,  or  stir  too  long.  Mix  them  just 
enough  to  be  sure  they  are  through  the  cake.    Bake  immediately. 

Begin  with  a  slow  oven  and  increase  the  heat.  If  the  oven 
gets  too  warm  place  a  pan  of >  water  in  it.  After  it  has  been 
in  the  oven  fifteen  minutes  you  must  look  at  it.  Take  the  cake 
out  when  it  shrinks  from  the  sides  of  the  pan.  Run  a  straw 
through  the  center  and  if  nothing  adhers  to  it  the  cake  is  done. 
Turn  it  out  on  a  wire  support  to  cool. 

147 

CHURCHMEN  OF  CHAUCERS  TIMES 

The  parson  was  a  very  prominent  churchman  of  Chaucer's 
Time.  He  was  poor  in  money  but  rich  in  religious  understand- 
ing.    His  work  was  to  teach  the  gospel  to  his  parishioners  and 


Deephavcn  125 

this  he  performed  well  and  he  also  tried  to  help  the  poor  and 
do  all  in  his  power  to  help  them  spiritually.  He  was  a  very 
good  man  and  highly  respected. 

The  nun  is  not  as  religiously  inclined  as  a  nun  of  to-day. 
The  nun  of  Chaucers  time  cared  a  great  deal  for  fine  dress  and 
lived  far  more  extravagantly  than  a  nun  of  today. 

148 

THE  WHITE  PLAGUE 

The  white  plague  is  the  name  given  to  that  awful  disease 
Tuberculosis  which  yearly  carries  off  so  many  people  in  the 
United  States.  It  seems  that  there  are  such  simple  and  so  few 
rules  for  the  prevention  of  this  scourge  that  it  would  be  almost 
impossible  for  the  spread  of  it  to  become  so  great.  But  how- 
ever it  is  estimated  that  at  least  ten  thousand  people  in  New 
York  alone  perish  yearly  victims  to  this  malady  in  one  form 
or  an  other. 

There  are  many  forms  which  the  disease  may  take,  for  in- 
stance tuberculosis  of  the  joints  which  usualy  affects  the  hip 
joint  of  the  victim,  tuberculosis  of  the  spine  often  mistaken 
for  Spinal  Menengitis,  tuberculosis  of  the  digestive  organs  and 
last  but  not  least  tuberculosis  of  the  lungs  commonly  known 
as  Consumption.  The  disease  is  spread  chiefly  by  the  expectora- 
tion of  one  who  is  affected.  An  other  source  of  infection  comes 
from  impure  cow's  milk. 

The  tenements  of  New  York  are  a  veritable  distribution  sta- 
tion for  the  spread  of  the  tuberculosis  germ. 

It  has  been  estimated  that  the  average  tenement  house  room 
contains  not  more  than  sixtv  square  feet  of  floor  space. 

In  one  block  of  tenement  houses  it  was  found  that,  under  the 
most  unsanatary  conditions,  as  many  as  two  thousand  five  hun- 
dred people  were  living. 

The  chief  friends  as  one  might  say  of  Consumption  are  close 
quarters,  lack  of  light  and  air,  and  food  which  has  been  affected 
by  the  germ. 

There  are  numberless  sanatariums  for  the  prevention  and 
cure  of  the  disease  where  the  patients  are  given  the  advantage 
of  the  sunlight  and  open  air  of  the  country. 

Great  stress  is  placed  upon  the  point  of  the  germs  being 
carried  from  the  expectoration  of  a  consumptive  into  the  lungs 
of  some  perfectly  well  person,  for  so  minute  are  the  tuberculosis 
germs  that  they  float  about  in  the  air  and  are  daily  breathed 
into  the  lungs.  Therefore  a  person  whose  phiseque  has  been 
undermined  by  any  lung  trouble  such  as  pleurisy,  bronchitis  or 


Deephavcn  127 

even  a  cold,  or  a  user  of  tobacco  is  more  prone  to  the  disease 
than  anyone  else. 

One  can  not  be  too  careful  to  avoid  infection  from  this  ter- 
rible disease.  To  avoid  this  keep  out  in  the  air  and  sunshine 
and  avoid  personal  contact  with  a  consumptive. 

149 

THE  ESCAPE 

A  few  days  ago  this  neighborhood  was  aroused  by  the  un- 
usual incident  of  a  full  fledged  tiger  making  his  escape  from 
Barnum  &  Bailey  Bros.  Circus,  and  visiting  Marietta  St. 

It  was  about  11  A.  M.  The  Barnum  Bailey  Circum  Tent 
at  the  Ponce  de  Leon  was  overflowing  with  an  unusual  crowd. 
The  tiger  was  brought  into  the  circus  ring.  So  thoroughly 
trained  was  he  that  he  could  turn  somersaults  and  do  other 
acrobatic  stunts. 

But  today  he  seemed  to  be  lazy.  He  paid  no  heed  to  the 
sharp  commands  of  the  trainer.  Finally  the  trainer  grew  angry 
and  struck  him  with  his  corded  whip.  Instead  of  becoming 
frightened  or  subdued  by  this,  the  tiger  suddenly  sprang  with 
a  snarl  at  his  keeper,,  who  stepped  quickly  aside.  This  action 
probably  saved  his  life  for  the  tiger  dashed  from  him  and  to 
the  horror  of  the  10,000  spectators  ran  madly  down  the  aisle 
and  out  into   Marietta  St. 

All  was  confusion.  The  crowd  seemed  dazed.  And  when 
they  recovered  they  became  so  frightened  that  a  panic  was  nar- 
rowly averted. 

Outside  the  tiger  was  causing  as  much  havoc  as  he  had  inside. 
The  streetcars  were  stopped.  The  teamsters  had  dropped  their 
reins  in  amazement  and  fright.  All  the  pedestrians  had  re- 
treated inside  except  one  poor  fellow  who  was  too  late  and  was 
knocked  over  tho  not  seriously  hurt.  The  tiger  continued  his 
mad  race  down  the  street  until  allured  by  the  show  window 
of  a  drug  store  he  dashed  at  it — broke  it  and  entered  the  drug 
store. 

But  the  druggist,  with  great  presence  of  mind  allowed  the 
tiger  to  go  on  into  the  prescription  room  and  then  locked  the 
door. 

By  the  time  the  circus  people  had  arrived  and  captured  him 
he  had  played  havoc  in  the  prescription  dept  breaking  bottles 
and  glass. 

When  the  tigers  trainer  was  interviewed  he  said  that  he  was 
amazed  that  he  had  always  thought  this  tiger  was  among  the 
most  docile  and  harmless  in  the  circus  troop. 


Job 17       Date 

.... 

Mend  by Time 


Stab  by No.  Sect Sew  b 

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.  1  0    1946 
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